Human Immunome Project, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/ImmunomePro.
Fondazione Biotechnopolo, Siena, Italy.
J Mol Biol. 2023 Jul 1;435(13):168113. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168113. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
Vaccines are among the greatest tools for prevention and control of disease. They have eliminated smallpox from the planet, decreased morbidity and mortality for major infectious diseases like polio, measles, mumps, and rubella, significantly blunted the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and prevented viral induced cancers such as cervical cancer caused by human papillomavirus. Recent technological advances, in genomics, structural biology, and human immunology have transformed vaccine development, enabling new technologies such as mRNA vaccines to greatly accelerate development of new and improved vaccines. In this review, we briefly highlight the history of vaccine development, and provide examples of where advances in genomics and structural biology, paved the way for development of vaccines for bacterial and viral diseases.
疫苗是预防和控制疾病的最伟大工具之一。它们已经在地球上消灭了天花，降低了脊髓灰质炎、麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹等主要传染病的发病率和死亡率，显著减轻了 COVID-19 大流行的影响，并预防了由人乳头瘤病毒引起的宫颈癌等病毒诱导的癌症。最近在基因组学、结构生物学和人类免疫学方面的技术进步，改变了疫苗的开发，使 mRNA 疫苗等新技术能够极大地加速新型和改进型疫苗的开发。在这篇综述中，我们简要地回顾了疫苗开发的历史，并提供了一些例子，说明基因组学和结构生物学的进步为细菌和病毒疾病疫苗的开发铺平了道路。
