Jin Xuexia, Su Mengyuan, Liang Yunxiang, Li Yingjun
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jan 9;13:1084500. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1084500. eCollection 2022.
In recent years, with the harm caused by the abuse of antibiotics and the increasing demand for green and healthy food, people gradually began to look for antibiotic alternatives for aquaculture. As a Chinese herbal medicine, leaf extract chlorogenic acid (CGA) of can improve animal immunity and antioxidant capacity and can improve animal production performance. In this study, crucian carp () was fed with complete feed containing 200 mg/kg CGA for 60 days to evaluate the antioxidant, immuno-enhancement, and regulation of intestinal microbial activities of CGA. In comparison to the control, the growth performance indexes of CGA-added fish were significantly increased, including final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate ( < 0.01), while the feed conversion rate was significantly decreased ( < 0.01). Intestinal digestive enzyme activity significantly increased ( < 0.01); the contents of triglyceride in the liver ( < 0.01) and muscle ( > 0.05) decreased; and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver was promoted. Additionally, the non-specific immune enzyme activities of intestinal and liver tissues were increased, but the expression level of the adenylate-activated protein kinase gene involved in energy metabolism was not affected. The antioxidant capacity of intestinal, muscle, and liver tissues was improved. Otherwise, CGA enhanced the relative abundance of intestinal microbes, and and degraded the relative abundance of . In general, our data showed that supplementation with CGA in dietary had a positive effect on growth, immunity, and balance of the bacteria in the intestine. Our findings suggest that it is of great significance to develop and use CGA as a natural non-toxic compound in green and eco-friendly feed additives.
近年来，随着抗生素滥用造成的危害以及人们对绿色健康食品需求的增加，人们逐渐开始寻找水产养殖中的抗生素替代品。作为一种中草药，叶提取物绿原酸（CGA）可以提高动物免疫力和抗氧化能力，并能改善动物生产性能。在本研究中，用含有200mg/kg CGA的全价饲料喂养鲫鱼60天，以评估CGA的抗氧化、免疫增强和肠道微生物活性调节作用。与对照组相比，添加CGA的鱼的生长性能指标显著提高，包括终末体重、增重率和特定生长率（P<0.01），而饲料转化率显著降低（P<0.01）。肠道消化酶活性显著增加（P<0.01）；肝脏（P<0.01）和肌肉（P>0.05）中甘油三酯含量降低；肝脏中脂质代谢相关基因的表达得到促进。此外，肠道和肝脏组织的非特异性免疫酶活性增加，但参与能量代谢的腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶基因的表达水平未受影响。肠道、肌肉和肝脏组织的抗氧化能力得到改善。此外，CGA提高了肠道微生物的相对丰度，如芽孢杆菌属和乳杆菌属，并降低了肠杆菌属的相对丰度。总体而言，我们的数据表明，日粮中添加CGA对鲫鱼的生长、免疫和肠道细菌平衡有积极影响。我们的研究结果表明，开发和使用CGA作为绿色环保饲料添加剂中的天然无毒化合物具有重要意义。
