Elliott Cara G, Vidal-Almela Sol, Harvey Paula, O'Donnell Emma, Scheid Jennifer L, Visintini Sarah, Reed Jennifer L
Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
CJC Open. 2022 Nov 9;5(1):54-71. doi: 10.1016/j.cjco.2022.10.008. eCollection 2023 Jan.
A growing body of literature has examined the role of physical activity (PA) in modifying the effects of estrogen withdrawal on cardiovascular health in postmenopausal women, but the impact of PA on androgens is less clear. Changes in androgen concentrations following regular PA may improve cardiovascular health. This narrative review summarizes the literature assessing the impact of PA interventions on androgens in postmenopausal women. The association between changes in androgen concentrations and cardiovascular health following PA programs is also examined. Randomized controlled trials were included if they (i) implemented a PA program of any type and duration in postmenopausal women and (ii) measured changes in androgen concentrations. Following PA interventions, no changes in androstenedione, conflicting changes in dehydroepiandrosterone/dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, and increases in sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations were found. Total testosterone decreased following aerobic PA but increased after resistance training. Most aerobic PA interventions led to reductions in free testosterone. A combination of caloric restriction and/or fat loss enhanced the influence of PA on most androgens. Evidence exploring the relationship between changes in androgens and cardiovascular health indicators was scarce and inconsistent. PA has shown promise in modifying the concentrations of some androgens (free and total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin), and remains a well-known beneficial adjuvant option for postmenopausal women to manage their cardiovascular health. Fat loss influences the effect of PA on androgens, but the synergistic role of PA and androgens on cardiovascular health merits further examination. Many research gaps remain regarding the relationship between PA, androgens, and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women.
越来越多的文献探讨了体育活动（PA）在调节绝经后女性雌激素撤退对心血管健康影响方面的作用，但PA对雄激素的影响尚不清楚。规律的PA后雄激素浓度的变化可能会改善心血管健康。本叙述性综述总结了评估PA干预对绝经后女性雄激素影响的文献。还研究了PA项目后雄激素浓度变化与心血管健康之间的关联。纳入的随机对照试验需满足以下条件：（i）对绝经后女性实施任何类型和持续时间的PA项目；（ii）测量雄激素浓度的变化。PA干预后，发现雄烯二酮无变化，脱氢表雄酮/硫酸脱氢表雄酮变化相互矛盾，性激素结合球蛋白浓度升高。有氧运动后总睾酮降低，但抗阻训练后升高。大多数有氧运动干预导致游离睾酮降低。热量限制和/或脂肪减少的联合作用增强了PA对大多数雄激素的影响。探索雄激素变化与心血管健康指标之间关系的证据稀少且不一致。PA在调节某些雄激素（游离和总睾酮、性激素结合球蛋白）浓度方面显示出前景，并且仍然是绝经后女性管理心血管健康的一种众所周知的有益辅助选择。脂肪减少会影响PA对雄激素的作用，但PA和雄激素对心血管健康的协同作用值得进一步研究。关于绝经后女性PA、雄激素和心血管疾病之间的关系仍存在许多研究空白。
