Motaghi Ehsan, Ghasemi-Pirbaluti Masoumeh, Rashidi Mohsen, Alasvand Masoud, Di Ciano Patricia, Bozorgi Hooman
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2023 Mar;79(3):371-381. doi: 10.1007/s00228-023-03454-y. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Previous studies have shown that tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive component of cannabis, can impair cognitive abilities. There is also some evidence that cannabidiol (CBD), the most abundant non-intoxicating constituent of cannabis, can attenuate these effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of THC:CBD oromucosal spray (with equal parts THC and CBD) on cognition compared with control conditions in human studies.
A systematic literature search was performed on four major bibliographic databases. Studies were included in the present review if they evaluated the cognitive effects of THC:CBD oromucosal spray compared with a control condition.
Ten studies were identified (7 on patients with multiple sclerosis, 1 on those with Huntington, and 2 on healthy volunteers) with 510 participants in total. There was considerable heterogeneity among the studies in terms of dose and duration of administration. All studies have used an equal or nearly equal dose of THC and CBD.
Although the results across studies were somewhat inconsistent, most evidence revealed that there is no significant difference between THC:CBD oromucosal spray and control treatments in terms of cognitive outcomes. However, more trials are needed with longer follow-up periods, and dose considerations, particularly comparing lower and higher doses of the spray.
先前的研究表明，大麻的主要精神活性成分四氢大麻酚（THC）会损害认知能力。也有一些证据表明，大麻中含量最丰富的非致幻成分大麻二酚（CBD）可以减弱这些影响。本研究的目的是在人体研究中，比较THC:CBD口腔黏膜喷雾剂（THC和CBD含量相等）与对照条件对认知的影响。
对四个主要文献数据库进行了系统的文献检索。如果研究评估了THC:CBD口腔黏膜喷雾剂与对照条件相比的认知效果，则纳入本综述。
共确定了10项研究（7项针对多发性硬化症患者，1项针对亨廷顿病患者，2项针对健康志愿者），总共有510名参与者。各项研究在给药剂量和持续时间方面存在相当大的异质性。所有研究均使用了等量或几乎等量的THC和CBD。
尽管各项研究的结果有些不一致，但大多数证据表明，THC:CBD口腔黏膜喷雾剂与对照治疗在认知结果方面没有显著差异。然而，需要进行更多随访期更长的试验，并考虑剂量因素，特别是比较喷雾剂的低剂量和高剂量。
