IgG 型 COVID-19 抗体的持久性：一项纵向分析。

Persistence of IgG COVID-19 antibodies: A longitudinal analysis.

机构信息

Fundação Álvaro Carvalho, Lisboa, Portugal.

CHRC, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 10;10:1069898. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1069898. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1069898

PMID:36703818

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9872107/

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIM

The kinetics of antibody production in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is not well-defined yet. This study aimed to evaluate the antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 and its dynamics during 9-months in a cohort of patients infected during the first phase of the pandemic. As a secondary aim, it was intended to evaluate the factors associated with different concentrations of IgG antibodies.

METHODS

A prospective cohort study was conducted from June 2020 to January 2021. This study recruited a convenience sample of adult individuals who where recently diagnosed with COVID-19 and were living in mainland Portugal. A total of 1,695 blood samples were collected from 585 recovered COVID-19 patients up to 9 months after SARS-CoV-2 acute infection. A blood sample was collected at baseline and three, 6 and 9 months after SARS-CoV-2 acute infection to assess the concentration of IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2.

RESULTS

The positivity rate of IgG reached 77.7% in the first 3 months after symptom onset. The IgG persists at all subsequent follow-up time-points, which was 87.7 and 89.2% in the 6th and 9th months after symptom onset, respectively. Three distinct kinetics of antibody response were found within the 9 months after infection. Kinetic 1 (K1) was characterized by a constant low IgG antibody concentration kinetic (group size: 65.2%); kinetic 2 (K2), composed by constant moderate IgG kinetic (group size: 27.5%) and kinetic 3 (K3) characterized by higher IgG kinetic (group size: 7.3%). People with ≥56 years old (OR: 3.33; CI 95%: [1.64; 6.67]; -value: 0.001) and symptomatic COVID-19 (OR: 2.08; CI 95%: [1.08; 4.00]; -value: 0.031) had higher odds of a "Moderate IgG kinetic." No significant association were found regarding the "Higher IgG kinetic."

CONCLUSION

Our results demonstrate a lasting anti-spike (anti-S) IgG antibody response at least 9 months after infection in the majority of patients with COVID-19. Younger participants with asymptomatic disease have lower IgG antibody positivity and possibly more susceptible to reinfection. This information contributes to expanding knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 immune response and has direct implications in the adoption of preventive strategies and public health policies.

摘要

背景与目的

目前，人们对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染后抗体产生的动力学仍知之甚少。本研究旨在评估 SARS-CoV-2 抗体反应及其在大流行第一阶段感染的患者队列中 9 个月期间的动态。作为次要目标，旨在评估与 IgG 抗体浓度不同相关的因素。

方法

这是一项从 2020 年 6 月至 2021 年 1 月进行的前瞻性队列研究。本研究招募了最近被诊断患有 COVID-19 且居住在葡萄牙大陆的成年个体的方便样本。从 585 例已康复的 COVID-19 患者中采集了 1695 份血样，这些患者在 SARS-CoV-2 急性感染后 9 个月内进行了采集。在 SARS-CoV-2 急性感染后 3、6 和 9 个月采集血液样本，以评估针对 SARS-CoV-2 的 IgG 抗体浓度。

结果

在症状出现后的头 3 个月内，IgG 的阳性率达到了 77.7%。在随后的所有随访时间点，IgG 均持续存在，分别在症状出现后第 6 个月和第 9 个月达到 87.7%和 89.2%。在感染后 9 个月内发现了三种不同的抗体反应动力学。动力学 1（K1）的特点是 IgG 抗体浓度呈恒定低水平（组大小：65.2%）；动力学 2（K2）由恒定的中等 IgG 动力学组成（组大小：27.5%），动力学 3（K3）以较高的 IgG 动力学为特征（组大小：7.3%）。≥56 岁的人群（OR：3.33；95%CI：[1.64；6.67]；-值：0.001）和有症状 COVID-19（OR：2.08；95%CI：[1.08；4.00]；-值：0.031）的人具有更高的“中等 IgG 动力学”几率。关于“高 IgG 动力学”，没有发现显著的关联。