运动对阿尔茨海默病模型认知功能和突触可塑性的影响：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。
Effect of exercise on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease models: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Guo Linlin, Yang Xinxin, Zhang Yuanyuan, Xu Xinyi, Li Yan
机构信息
College of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
Postdoctoral Research Station in Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
出版信息
Front Aging Neurosci. 2023 Jan 10;14:1077732. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1077732. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Cognitive decline is a central manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its process is inseparable from changes in synaptic plasticity. The aim of this review was to summarize and evaluate the effectiveness of exercise on cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in AD animal models.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eligible studies were searched from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from April to May 2022. The risk of bias was evaluated by Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE). The Morris water maze (MWM) test and synaptic plasticity were considered outcome measures. Data were analyzed using random-effects meta-analyses using the software Stata. Heterogeneity was examined by using I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed.
RESULTS
A total of 20 randomized controlled studies were eligible for study inclusion. Compared with controls, exercise decreased escape latency (SMD = -0.86, 95% CI: -1.21 to -0.50, < 0.001), increased platform crossover numbers (SMD = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.57-2.11, = 0.001) and time in the target quadrant (SMD = 1.65, 95% CI: 0.95-2.36, < 0.001) and the expression of PSD95 (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.25-1.21, = 0.003) in AD animals. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that exercise before AD had a greater effect on escape latency (SMD = -0.88, 95% CI: -1.25 to -0.52, < 0.001), platform crossover numbers (SMD = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23-2.18, < 0.001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.19-2.87, < 0.001) and the expression of PSD95 (SMD = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.19-1.69, = 0.014) than exercise after AD. The results of the subgroup analysis also showed that treadmill running might be an appropriate exercise type.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggested that exercise had a potential effect on improving cognitive function and synaptic plasticity. It can play a better neuroprotective role before AD.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42022328438.
引言
认知衰退是阿尔茨海默病（AD）的核心表现，其过程与突触可塑性的变化密不可分。本综述的目的是总结和评估运动对AD动物模型认知功能和突触可塑性的有效性。
材料与方法
于2022年4月至5月在PubMed、MEDLINE、EMBASE、Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆中检索符合条件的研究。采用实验室动物实验系统评价中心（SYRCLE）评估偏倚风险。将莫里斯水迷宫（MWM）试验和突触可塑性作为结局指标。使用Stata软件进行随机效应荟萃分析。采用I2检验检查异质性。还评估了敏感性分析和发表偏倚。
结果
共有20项随机对照研究符合纳入标准。与对照组相比，运动可降低AD动物的逃避潜伏期（标准化均数差[SMD]= -0.86，95%可信区间[CI]：-1.21至-0.50，P<0.001），增加平台穿越次数（SMD = 1.34，95%CI：0.57 - 2.11，P = 0.001）、在目标象限的停留时间（SMD = 1.65，95%CI：0.95 - 2.36，P<0.001）以及PSD95的表达（SMD = 0.73，95%CI：0.25 - 1.21，P = 0.003）。亚组分析结果显示，AD发病前运动对逃避潜伏期（SMD = -0.88，95%CI：-1.25至-0.52，P<0.001）、平台穿越次数（SMD = 1.71，95%CI：1.23 - 2.18，P<0.001）、在目标象限的停留时间（SMD = 2.03，95%CI：1.19 - 2.87，P<0.001）和PSD95表达（SMD = 0.94，95%CI：0.19 - 1.69，P = 0.014）的影响大于AD发病后运动。亚组分析结果还显示，跑步机跑步可能是一种合适的运动类型。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，运动对改善认知功能和突触可塑性具有潜在作用。在AD发病前运动可发挥更好的神经保护作用。
系统评价注册
PROSPERO，标识符：CRD42022328438。
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