Department of Radiology and Imaging, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Health Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Ramshahpath, Kathmandu, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2022 Jul 1;60(251):661-663. doi: 10.31729/jnma.7539.
Radiology plays a very important part in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of children. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the two most crucial developments in the modern era. However, the two modalities have their challenges to overcome. Radiation dose is the most unwanted side effect of computed tomography scans while longer scan time along with sedation is a major disadvantage in children during magnetic resonance imaging. Paediatric-specific protocol selection and limiting the exposure to the area of interest aid in reducing the dose during computed tomography scans. Faster scan protocols and sequences can result in imaging without sedation in magnetic resonance imaging. Considering the radiation exposure, "as low as reasonably achievable" principle should be followed strictly in the paediatric population. In this article, possible ways for minimising the radiation dose in computed tomography, as well as effective, short, and sedation-free magnetic resonance imaging, are discussed.
computed X-ray tomography; magnetic resonance imaging; pediatrics; radiation exposure; X-ray.
目的：放射学在儿童的诊断、治疗和随访中起着非常重要的作用。计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像（MRI）是现代最重要的两项发展。然而，这两种方式都有其需要克服的挑战。在计算机断层扫描中，辐射剂量是最不受欢迎的副作用，而在 MRI 中，较长的扫描时间加上镇静是儿童的主要劣势。儿科专用方案选择和限制感兴趣区域的暴露有助于降低计算机断层扫描中的剂量。更快的扫描方案和序列可以实现无需镇静的 MRI 成像。考虑到辐射暴露，“在儿童人群中应严格遵循尽可能低的合理辐射水平”原则。本文讨论了在儿童中降低计算机断层扫描辐射剂量的可能方法，以及有效、简短和无需镇静的 MRI。
关键词：计算机 X 射线断层扫描；磁共振成像；儿科；辐射暴露；X 射线。
