Stenersen Eydis Oddsdottir, Olsen Annette, Melheim Maria, Solberg Rønnaug, Dannevig Ingrid, Schmölzer Georg, Cheung Po-Yin, Nakstad Britt, Saugstad Ola Didrik, Rønnestad Arild, Solevåg Anne Lee
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo; Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet.
Department of Neonatal Intensive Care, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet.
J Vis Exp. 2023 Jan 13(191). doi: 10.3791/64788.
Neonatal piglets have been extensively used as translational models for perinatal asphyxia. In 2007, we adapted a well-established piglet asphyxia model by introducing cardiac arrest. This enabled us to study the impact of severe asphyxia on key outcomes, including the time taken for the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), as well as the effect of chest compressions according to alternative protocols for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Due to the anatomical and physiological similarities between piglets and human neonates, piglets serve as good models in studies of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and hemodynamic monitoring. In fact, this cardiac arrest model has provided evidence for guideline development through research on resuscitation protocols, pathophysiology, biomarkers, and novel methods for hemodynamic monitoring. Notably, the incidental finding that a substantial fraction of piglets have pulseless electrical activity (PEA) during cardiac arrest may increase the applicability of the model (i.e., it may be used to study pathophysiology extending beyond the perinatal period). However, the model generation is technically challenging and requires various skill sets, dedicated personnel, and a fine balance of the measures, including the surgical protocols and the use of sedatives/analgesics, to ensure a reasonable rate of survival. In this paper, the protocol is described in detail, as well as experiences with adaptations to the protocol over the years.
新生仔猪已被广泛用作围产期窒息的转化模型。2007年，我们通过引入心脏骤停改进了一个成熟的仔猪窒息模型。这使我们能够研究严重窒息对关键结果的影响，包括自主循环恢复（ROSC）所需的时间，以及根据心肺复苏的替代方案进行胸外按压的效果。由于仔猪与人类新生儿在解剖学和生理学上的相似性，仔猪在心肺复苏和血流动力学监测研究中是很好的模型。事实上，这个心脏骤停模型通过对复苏方案、病理生理学、生物标志物和血流动力学监测新方法的研究，为指南的制定提供了证据。值得注意的是，偶然发现相当一部分仔猪在心脏骤停期间有无脉电活动（PEA），这可能会增加该模型的适用性（即它可用于研究围产期以外的病理生理学）。然而，模型的建立在技术上具有挑战性，需要各种技能、专业人员，以及包括手术方案和镇静剂/镇痛药使用在内的各项措施的精细平衡，以确保合理的存活率。本文详细描述了该方案，以及多年来对该方案进行调整的经验。
