Bistline John, Bragg-Sitton Shannon, Cole Wesley, Dixon Brent, Eschmann Erich, Ho Jonathan, Kwon Augustine, Martin Laura, Murphy Caitlin, Namovicz Christopher, Sowder Andrew
Electric Power Research Institute, 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Idaho National Laboratory, 1955 N Fremont Avenue, Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA.
iScience. 2023 Jan 9;26(2):105952. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105952. eCollection 2023 Feb 17.
Increased attention has been focused on the potential role of nuclear energy in future electricity markets and energy systems as stakeholders target rapid and deep decarbonization and reductions in fossil fuel use. This paper examines models of electric sector planning and broader energy systems optimization to understand the prospective roles of nuclear energy and other technologies. In this perspective, we survey modeling challenges in this environment, illustrate opportunities to propagate best practices, and highlight insights from the deep decarbonization literature on the range of visions for nuclear energy's role. Nuclear energy deployment is highest with combinations of stringent emissions policies, nuclear cost reductions, and constraints on the deployment of other technologies, which underscores model dimensions related to these areas. New modeling capabilities are needed to adequately address emerging issues, including representing characteristics and applications of nuclear energy in systems models, and to ensure the relevance of models for policy and planning as deeper decarbonization is explored.
随着利益相关者致力于快速且深度地脱碳以及减少化石燃料的使用，核能在未来电力市场和能源系统中的潜在作用受到了更多关注。本文研究了电力部门规划模型和更广泛的能源系统优化模型，以了解核能及其他技术的预期作用。从这个角度出发，我们审视了这种环境下的建模挑战，阐述了推广最佳实践的机会，并强调了深度脱碳文献中关于核能作用的一系列愿景的见解。在严格的排放政策、核能成本降低以及其他技术部署受限等因素共同作用下，核能的部署率最高，这突出了与这些领域相关的模型维度。需要新的建模能力来充分应对新出现的问题，包括在系统模型中体现核能的特性和应用，并在探索更深层次的脱碳时确保模型与政策和规划的相关性。
