语义性痴呆：一种复杂且受文化影响的表现形式。

Cole Richard H, Clark Camilla N, Poole Norman A

Camden and Islington NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK and Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.

St George's University of London, London, UK.

BJPsych Bull. 2024 Feb;48(1):44-50. doi: 10.1192/bjb.2022.100.

The variants of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) require careful differentiation from primary psychiatric disorders as the neuropsychiatric manifestations can overshadow the unique cognitive deficits. The language variants of FTD are less readily recognised by trainees despite making up around 43% of cases. This educational article presents an anonymised case of one of the language variants: semantic dementia. The cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric manifestations (delusions and hyperreligiosity) are explored in terms of aetiology and management. By the end of the article, readers should be able to differentiate FTD from Alzheimer's disease, understand the principles of management and associated risks, and develop a multifaceted approach to hyperreligiosity in dementia.

额颞叶痴呆（FTD）的各种变体需要与原发性精神障碍仔细鉴别，因为神经精神症状可能会掩盖其独特的认知缺陷。尽管FTD的语言变体约占病例的43%，但实习医生较难识别。本文通过一个匿名病例介绍了其中一种语言变体：语义性痴呆。从病因和管理方面探讨了认知缺陷和神经精神症状（妄想和宗教狂热）。在文章结尾，读者应能够区分FTD与阿尔茨海默病，理解管理原则及相关风险，并制定针对痴呆患者宗教狂热的多方面应对方法。