Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Molecular Neuropharmacology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Transl Psychiatry. 2023 Feb 1;13(1):32. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02334-4.
Short nighttime sleep duration impairs the immune response to virus vaccination, and long nighttime sleep duration is associated with poor health status. Thus, we hypothesized that short (<6 h) and long (>9 h) nighttime sleepers have a higher post-COVID risk than normal nighttime sleepers, despite two doses of mRNA vaccine (which has previously been linked to lower odds of long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms). Post-COVID was defined as experiencing at least one core COVID-19 symptom for at least three months (e.g., shortness of breath). Multivariate logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and other factors showed in 9717 respondents (age span 18-99) that two mRNA vaccinations lowered the risk of suffering from post-COVID by about 21% (p < 0.001). When restricting the analysis to double-vaccinated respondents (n = 5918), short and long sleepers exhibited a greater post-COVID risk than normal sleepers (adjusted OR [95%-CI], 1.56 [1.29, 1.88] and 1.87 [1.32, 2.66], respectively). Among respondents with persistent sleep duration patterns during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic, short but not long sleep duration was significantly associated with the post-COVID risk (adjusted OR [95%-CI], 1.59 [1.24, 2.03] and 1.18 [0.70, 1.97], respectively). No significant association between sleep duration and post-COVID symptoms was observed in those reporting positive SARS-CoV-2 test results (n = 538). Our findings suggest that two mRNA vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 are associated with a lower post-COVID risk. However, this protection may be less pronounced among those sleeping less than 6 h per night. Our findings warrant replication in cohorts with individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
睡眠时间过短会损害人体对病毒疫苗的免疫反应，而睡眠时间过长则与健康状况不佳有关。因此，我们假设，尽管已经接种了两剂 mRNA 疫苗（此前曾与降低长期 COVID-19 症状的几率有关），但与正常夜间睡眠时间相比，睡眠时间过短（<6 小时）和过长（>9 小时）的人患 COVID 后出现症状的风险更高。COVID 后被定义为至少有三个月经历至少一种核心 COVID-19 症状（例如，呼吸急促）。多变量逻辑回归调整年龄、性别、BMI 和其他因素后，在 9717 名受访者（年龄在 18-99 岁之间）中显示，两剂 mRNA 疫苗降低 COVID 后出现症状的风险约 21%（p<0.001）。当将分析限制在双接种受访者（n=5918）中时，短睡眠者和长睡眠者比正常睡眠者患 COVID 后出现症状的风险更高（调整后的比值比[95%-CI]，1.56 [1.29, 1.88] 和 1.87 [1.32, 2.66]）。与大流行期间相比，与大流行前相比，持续睡眠时间模式的受访者中，短睡眠但不包括长睡眠与 COVID 后出现症状的风险显著相关（调整后的比值比[95%-CI]，1.59 [1.24, 2.03] 和 1.18 [0.70, 1.97]）。在报告 SARS-CoV-2 检测结果阳性（n=538）的人中，没有观察到睡眠时间与 COVID 后症状之间存在显著关联。我们的研究结果表明，两剂针对 SARS-CoV-2 的 mRNA 疫苗接种与 COVID 后出现症状的风险降低相关。然而，对于每晚睡眠时间少于 6 小时的人来说，这种保护作用可能不太明显。我们的研究结果需要在有确诊 SARS-CoV-2 感染的个体的队列中进行复制。
