Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2023 Feb 1;23(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s12886-023-02794-8.
Macrophage-like cells (MLCs) located at the ILM were observed in live human retinas using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (OCT) as well as clinically-used OCT. The study aimed to quantitatively analyzing MLCs at the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) using en face OCT and swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).
190 DR eyes were included in the study, with 70 proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) eyes and 120 non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) eyes. Sixty-three eyes from normal subjects were included as controls. MLCs were visualized in a 5 μm en face OCT slab above the VRI centered on the fovea. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the OCTA parameters and the MLC parameters among groups. We evaluated the MLC density among groups on binarized images after image processing. We also investigated the relationship between MLC density and other OCT parameters including retina thickness and vessel density (VD).
The MLC density significantly increased in PDR eyes (PDR vs. NPDR, 8.97 (8.40) cells/mm vs.6.14 (8.78) cells/mm, P = 0.013; PDR vs. normal, 8.97 (8.40) cells/mmvs. 6.48 (6.71) cells/mm, P = 0.027) and diabetic macular edema (DME) eyes (DME vs. without DME, 8.94 (8.26) vs.6.09 (9.00), P = 0.005). After adjusting for age and gender, MLC density in NPDR eyes negatively correlated to VD of deep capillary plexus (DCP) (P = 0.01).
SS-OCTA is a non-invasive and simple method for the characterization of MLCs at the VRI. PDR and DME are two factors that increase MLC density. MLC density also correlated with VD.
应用自适应光学光相干断层扫描（OCT）和临床 OCT 观察到位于内界膜（ILM）的巨噬细胞样细胞（MLC）存在于活体人视网膜中。本研究旨在使用共焦 OCT 和扫频源 OCT 血管造影（SS-OCTA）定量分析糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）中玻璃体视网膜界面（VRI）的 MLC。
研究纳入 190 只 DR 眼，其中增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（PDR）眼 70 只，非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（NPDR）眼 120 只，正常对照组 63 只。在以黄斑为中心的 VRI 上方的 5μm 共焦 OCT 薄片上可视化 MLC。采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Kruskal-Wallis H 检验比较各组 OCTA 参数和 MLC 参数。我们在图像处理后的二值化图像上评估各组 MLC 密度。还研究了 MLC 密度与视网膜厚度和血管密度（VD）等其他 OCT 参数之间的关系。
PDR 眼的 MLC 密度明显增加（PDR 与 NPDR，8.97（8.40）个/ mm 与 6.14（8.78）个/ mm，P=0.013；PDR 与正常，8.97（8.40）个/ mm 与 6.48（6.71）个/ mm，P=0.027）和糖尿病黄斑水肿（DME）眼（DME 与无 DME，8.94（8.26）个/ mm 与 6.09（9.00）个/ mm，P=0.005）。在调整年龄和性别后，NPDR 眼的 MLC 密度与深层毛细血管丛（DCP）的 VD 呈负相关（P=0.01）。
SS-OCTA 是一种用于 VRI 处 MLC 特征描述的非侵入性和简单方法。PDR 和 DME 是增加 MLC 密度的两个因素。MLC 密度也与 VD 相关。
