Medical University of Graz, Institute of Nursing Science, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010, Graz, Austria.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 Feb 1;23(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09103-5.
The increasing cultural diversity in healthcare in European countries, including Austria, has highlighted the need to enhance nurses' cultural competence. Assessing cultural competence and identifying relevant influencing factors can help to improve culturally competent care. The aim of this study was to assess the cultural competence of nurses and nursing students working in Austrian acute care settings and to identify influencing factors using the Cultural Competence Assessment scale.
A cross-sectional design was used. Data collection was carried out in March 2021 with nurses and nursing students in the last year of their studies who were working in Austrian acute care settings. Descriptive analysis was applied to display the general characteristics of the study participants and the levels of their overall cultural competence. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influencing factors of cultural competence.
The nurses' cultural competence level was moderate to high (mean = 3.89; SD = .48). Their age, educational level, cultural diversity training and self-perceived cultural competence significantly influenced the level (F (6, 875) = 18.971, p < .0000, adj. R2 = 1.09).
Providing culturally competent healthcare services for culturally diverse patients is essential for all healthcare professionals, and especially for nurses who spend the most time with patients. Effective interventions, such as educational training, need to be implemented in order to deliver culturally competent care and potentially reduce disparities in healthcare and improve patient outcomes.
在包括奥地利在内的欧洲国家，医疗保健领域的文化多样性不断增加，这凸显了提高护士文化能力的必要性。评估文化能力并确定相关影响因素有助于改善具有文化能力的护理。本研究的目的是使用文化能力评估量表评估在奥地利急性护理环境中工作的护士和护理学生的文化能力，并确定影响因素。
采用横断面设计。2021 年 3 月，对在奥地利急性护理环境中工作的处于学习最后一年的护士和护理学生进行了数据收集。描述性分析用于显示研究参与者的一般特征及其整体文化能力水平。进行了多元线性回归分析，以分析文化能力的影响因素。
护士的文化能力水平处于中等偏高（均值=3.89；标准差=0.48）。他们的年龄、教育水平、文化多样性培训和自我感知的文化能力对水平有显著影响（F（6，875）=18.971，p<0.0000，调整后的 R2=1.09）。
为文化多元化的患者提供具有文化能力的医疗服务对于所有医疗保健专业人员来说都是至关重要的，对于与患者相处时间最长的护士来说更是如此。需要实施有效的干预措施，如教育培训，以提供具有文化能力的护理，并有可能减少医疗保健中的差异，改善患者的结局。
