BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 16;13:1085057. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085057. eCollection 2022.
Exosomes, which are nano-sized transport bio-vehicles, play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis by exchanging genetic or metabolic information between different cells. Exosomes can also play a vital role in transferring virulent factors between the host and parasite, thereby regulating host gene expression and the immune interphase. The association of inflammation with disease development and the potential of exosomes to enhance or mitigate inflammatory pathways support the notion that exosomes have the potential to alter the course of a disease. Clinical trials exploring the role of exosomes in cancer, osteoporosis, and renal, neurological, and pulmonary disorders are currently underway. Notably, the information available on the signatory efficacy of exosomes in immune-related disorders remains elusive and sporadic. In this review, we discuss immune cell-derived exosomes and their application in immunotherapy, including those against autoimmune connective tissue diseases. Further, we have elucidated our views on the major issues in immune-related pathophysiological processes. Therefore, the information presented in this review highlights the role of exosomes as promising strategies and clinical tools for immune regulation.
外泌体是纳米大小的运输生物载体，通过在不同细胞之间交换遗传或代谢信息，在维持内稳态方面发挥着关键作用。外泌体还可以在宿主和寄生虫之间传递毒力因子，从而调节宿主基因表达和免疫界面。炎症与疾病发展的关联以及外泌体增强或减轻炎症途径的潜力支持了这样一种观点，即外泌体有可能改变疾病的进程。目前正在进行临床试验，以探索外泌体在癌症、骨质疏松症以及肾脏、神经和肺部疾病中的作用。值得注意的是，关于外泌体在免疫相关疾病中的签名功效的信息仍然难以捉摸且零散。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了免疫细胞衍生的外泌体及其在免疫治疗中的应用，包括针对自身免疫性结缔组织疾病的免疫治疗。此外，我们还阐明了我们对免疫相关病理生理过程中主要问题的看法。因此，本综述中介绍的信息强调了外泌体作为有前途的免疫调节策略和临床工具的作用。
