U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC, United States of America.
School of Public Affairs & Administration, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2023 Feb 2;18(2):e0272230. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272230. eCollection 2023.
How can governments invest in the public good of science in a way that accelerates advancement and encourages innovation at the frontier of science-all the while acknowledging that investing in science means investing in scientists? The Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (NRSA) program is a research-training program administered by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) that makes such investments. This study examines the impact of NRSA postdoctoral fellowships on subsequent career outcomes using NIH administrative records on applicants for the fellowship from 1996 to 2008. It finds that fellowships increased the probability of receiving subsequent research awards from 4.0 to 6.3 percentage points and of achieving a major independent research award from 2.6 to 4.6 percentage points. The findings demonstrate that federally funded fellowships promote the retention of scientists in the biomedical research workforce.
政府如何以一种能够加速科学进步和鼓励科学前沿创新的方式投资于公共科学利益——同时承认投资于科学就是投资于科学家？鲁斯 L. 基尔希斯坦国家研究服务奖（NRSA）计划是一个由美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）管理的研究培训计划，该计划进行了此类投资。本研究使用 NIH 对 1996 年至 2008 年该奖学金申请人的行政记录，考察了 NRSA 博士后奖学金对后续职业成果的影响。它发现，奖学金使获得后续研究奖的概率从 4.0%增加到 6.3%，使获得主要独立研究奖的概率从 2.6%增加到 4.6%。这些发现表明，联邦资助的奖学金促进了科学家在生物医学研究劳动力中的留用。
