日粮大豆低聚半乳糖影响生长雏鸡的生产性能、肠道功能和肠道微生物组成。

Dietary soy galactooligosaccharides affect the performance, intestinal function, and gut microbiota composition of growing chicks.

机构信息

Division of Agriculture, Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.

Division of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2023 Apr;102(4):102440. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102440. Epub 2023 Jan 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.psj.2022.102440

PMID:36736136

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10102551/

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of the dietary soy galactooligosaccharides (GOS), raffinose and stachyose, on performance, gastrointestinal health, and systemic stress in young broilers. Birds were fed a GOS-devoid diet based on soy protein isolate (SPI) or the SPI diet with 0.9, 1.8, 2.7, or 3.6% added stachyose and raffinose in a ratio of 4:1 at the expense of corn starch. These 5 treatments were administered to 10 replicate cages of 8 birds. Performance was measured weekly and excreta moisture, N retention, apparent metabolizeable energy, and complete blood cell counts were determined at 14 and 21 d. At 21 d, 2 birds per cage were orally gavaged with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d) and serum samples were analyzed for FITC-d as a marker of gut leakage. Additionally, intestinal morphology, crop presumptive lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, crop and cecal pH, and cecal microbiota via16S rRNA microbial sequencing were evaluated at 21 d. From 0 to 21 d, feed intake increased linearly (P < 0.01) as dietary GOS increased, whereas BWG increased (P < 0.05) quadratically. Feed conversion ratio increased (P < 0.01) linearly as GOS increased. There were linear increases (P < 0.05) in excreta moisture as dietary GOS increased at 14 and 21 d, as well as dose-dependent responses (P < 0.05) in N retention, AME, and AME. There was a quadratic increase (P < 0.05) in crop LAB recovery and a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in ceca pH as GOS increased. At 14 d, a linear increase (P < 0.05) in blood heterophil to lymphocyte ratio was observed as dietary GOS increased. Serum concentrations of FITC-d increased quadratically (P < 0.01) to dietary GOS. Increasing levels of GOS influenced alpha and beta diversities and composition of gut microbiota, including the abundance of Ruminococcus and Bifidobacterium. Results from this trial indicate that soy-derived GOS exert dose-dependent effects on nutrient utilization and intestinal health in young broilers.

摘要

本实验旨在研究日粮中添加大豆低聚半乳糖（GOS）、棉子糖和水苏糖对肉鸡生长性能、胃肠道健康和全身应激的影响。以大豆分离蛋白（SPI）为基础日粮，在基础日粮中添加 0.9%、1.8%、2.7%或 3.6%的水苏糖和棉子糖，以 4:1 的比例替代玉米淀粉，使日粮中不含 GOS。这 5 种处理方式分别应用于 10 个重复笼，每个重复笼 8 只鸡。每周测量一次生长性能，在第 14 天和第 21 天测量粪便水分、氮保留率、表观代谢能和全血细胞计数。在第 21 天，每个笼中的 2 只鸡经口灌胃荧光素异硫氰酸酯-葡聚糖（FITC-d），并分析血清样品中 FITC-d 的含量，作为肠道通透性的标志物。此外，在第 21 天还评估了肠道形态、嗉囊中假定的乳酸菌（LAB）计数、嗉囊和盲肠 pH 值以及通过 16S rRNA 微生物测序评估盲肠微生物群。从 0 至 21 日龄，随着日粮 GOS 的增加，采食量呈线性增加（P < 0.01），而 BWG 呈二次增加（P < 0.05）。随着 GOS 的增加，饲料转化率呈线性增加（P < 0.01）。在第 14 天和第 21 天，随着日粮 GOS 的增加，粪便水分呈线性增加（P < 0.05），N 保留率、AME 和 AME 呈剂量依赖性反应（P < 0.05）。随着 GOS 的增加，嗉囊中 LAB 的回收量呈二次增加（P < 0.05），盲肠 pH 值呈线性下降（P < 0.01）。在第 14 天，随着日粮 GOS 的增加，血液嗜中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值呈线性增加（P < 0.05）。血清中 FITC-d 的浓度随日粮 GOS 的增加呈二次增加（P < 0.01）。GOS 水平的增加影响了肠道微生物群的 alpha 和 beta 多样性和组成，包括瘤胃球菌和双歧杆菌的丰度。本试验结果表明，大豆来源的 GOS 对肉鸡的营养利用和肠道健康有剂量依赖性影响。