Sports Orthopedic Research Center - Copenhagen (SORC-C), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager-Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Sports Orthopedic Research Center - Copenhagen (SORC-C), Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager-Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2023 Feb;63:102719. doi: 10.1016/j.msksp.2023.102719. Epub 2023 Jan 10.
Clinical examination of male football players with longstanding groin pain can be considered difficult. Pain provocation tests are used to examine and classify longstanding groin pain into clinical entities as adductor-, iliopsoas-, inguinal-, and pubic-related. It is unknown if pain provocation tests and clinical entities are associated with pain intensity and disability.
To investigate if the number of positive pain provocation tests and clinical entities are associated with pain intensity and disability, measured by the Copenhagen 5-Second Squeeze Test (5SST) and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), respectively.
Cross-sectional.
Forty male football players (age: mean 24 years [SD: 3.2]; height: mean 182 cm [SD: 5.7]; weight: mean 78 Kg [SD: 6.6]) with longstanding groin pain for a median of 8.5 months (IQR: 4-36) were included. The players underwent a bilateral groin examination with 33 pain provocation tests and were classified with clinical entities (0-7) based on the test findings.
The number of positive pain provocation tests (median 10, range 2-23) correlated with pain intensity (5SST: r = 0.70 [95% CI: 0.50, 0.83]) and disability (HAGOS subscales Sport: r =-0.62 [95% CI: -0.81, -0.36], Pain: r -0.38 [95% CI: -0.69, -0.06], Symptoms: r = 0.52 [95% CI: -0.73, -0.24], ADL: r = -0.48 [95% CI: -0.71, -0.18]). The number of clinical entities (median 3, range: 1-7) showed similar but weaker correlations to pain intensity and disability.
In male football players with longstanding groin pain, the number of positive pain provocation tests and clinical entities shows weak to strong correlations with pain intensity and disability. Consequently, when pain intensity and disability are severe, a higher number of pain provocation tests may be positive, and more clinical entities may be present.
对长期腹股沟疼痛的男性足球运动员进行临床检查可能会比较困难。疼痛诱发试验用于检查和分类长期腹股沟疼痛的临床实体，包括内收肌、髂腰肌、腹股沟和耻骨相关。目前尚不清楚疼痛诱发试验和临床实体是否与疼痛强度和残疾程度有关。
研究阳性疼痛诱发试验和临床实体的数量与疼痛强度和残疾程度的相关性，分别用哥本哈根 5 秒挤压试验（5SST）和哥本哈根髋关节和腹股沟结局评分（HAGOS）来衡量。
横断面研究。
40 名男性足球运动员（年龄：平均 24 岁[标准差：3.2]；身高：平均 182cm[标准差：5.7]；体重：平均 78kg[标准差：6.6]），长期腹股沟疼痛的中位数为 8.5 个月（IQR：4-36）。运动员接受双侧腹股沟检查，进行 33 项疼痛诱发试验，并根据检查结果进行临床实体分类（0-7）。
阳性疼痛诱发试验的数量（中位数 10，范围 2-23）与疼痛强度（5SST：r=0.70[95%CI：0.50，0.83]）和残疾程度（HAGOS 亚量表运动：r=-0.62[95%CI：-0.81，-0.36]，疼痛：r=-0.38[95%CI：-0.69，-0.06]，症状：r=0.52[95%CI：-0.73，-0.24]，ADL：r=-0.48[95%CI：-0.71，-0.18]）呈正相关。临床实体的数量（中位数 3，范围：1-7）与疼痛强度和残疾程度也存在类似但较弱的相关性。
在长期腹股沟疼痛的男性足球运动员中，阳性疼痛诱发试验和临床实体的数量与疼痛强度和残疾程度呈弱到强相关。因此，当疼痛强度和残疾程度严重时，可能会出现更多的阳性疼痛诱发试验，并且可能存在更多的临床实体。
