Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.; School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
Ageing Res Rev. 2023 Apr;86:101871. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101871. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known as an age-related irreversible neurodegenerative disease. AD seriously endangers the health of the elderly, but there is still no effective treatment. In the past several decades, the significant role of astrocytes in the process of AD has been universally acknowledged. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as an essential mediator in intercellular communication and participate in various pathophysiological processes by carrying and transporting diverse cargoes. Moreover, specific conditions and stimuli can modulate the amount and properties of astrocyte-derived EVs (ADEVs) to affect AD progression. Thus, recent studies focused on the involvement of ADEVs in the pathogenesis of AD and the potential application of ADEVs in the diagnosis and treatment of AD, which provides a new direction and possibility for revealing the mystery of AD. Interestingly, it can be concluded that ADEVs have both pathogenic and protective effects in the process of AD through a comprehensive generalization. In this review, we aim to summarize the multi-faces of ADEVs effects on AD development, which can provide a novel strategy to investigate the underlying mechanism in AD. We also summarize the current ADEVs clinically relevant studies to raise the potential use of ADEVs in the discovery of novel biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets for AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种与年龄相关的不可逆神经退行性疾病。AD 严重危害老年人的健康，但目前仍没有有效的治疗方法。在过去几十年中，星形胶质细胞在 AD 进程中的重要作用已得到普遍认可。此外，细胞外囊泡（EVs）已被认为是细胞间通讯的重要介质，通过携带和运输各种货物参与各种病理生理过程。此外，特定的条件和刺激可以调节星形胶质细胞衍生的 EVs（ADEVs）的数量和特性，从而影响 AD 的进展。因此，最近的研究集中在 ADEVs 参与 AD 发病机制以及 ADEVs 在 AD 诊断和治疗中的潜在应用上，为揭示 AD 的奥秘提供了新的方向和可能性。有趣的是，通过全面概括，可以得出 ADEVs 在 AD 进程中既有致病作用又有保护作用的结论。在这篇综述中，我们旨在总结 ADEVs 对 AD 发展影响的多方面作用，为探索 AD 中的潜在机制提供新的策略。我们还总结了目前与 ADEVs 相关的临床研究，以提高 ADEVs 在发现 AD 诊断的新型生物标志物和治疗靶点方面的潜在应用。
