Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Lipids Health Dis. 2023 Feb 3;22(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s12944-023-01776-5.
Lipoprotein subfraction concentrations have been shown to change as gestation progresses in resource-rich settings. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the impact of pregnancy on different-sized lipoprotein particle concentrations and compositions in a resource-poor setting.
Samples were collected from pregnant women in rural Gambia at enrollment (8-20 weeks), 20 weeks, and 30 weeks of gestation. Concentrations of different-sized high-density, low-density, and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles (HDL, LDL, and TRL, respectively) were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance in 126 pooled plasma samples from a subset of women. HDL was isolated and the HDL proteome evaluated using mass spectroscopy. Subfraction concentrations from women in The Gambia were also compared to concentrations in women in the U.S. in mid gestation.
Total lipoprotein particles and all-sized TRL, LDL, and HDL particle concentrations increased during gestation, with the exception of medium-sized LDL and HDL particles which decreased. Subfraction concentrations were not associated with infant birth weights, though relationships were found between some lipoprotein subfraction concentrations in women with normal versus low birth weight infants (< 2500 kg). HDL's proteome also changed during gestation, showing enrichment in proteins associated with metal ion binding, hemostasis, lipid metabolism, protease inhibitors, proteolysis, and complement activation. Compared to women in the U.S., Gambian women had lower large- and small-sized LDL and HDL concentrations, but similar medium-sized LDL and HDL concentrations.
Most lipoprotein subfraction concentrations increase throughout pregnancy in Gambian women and are lower in Gambian vs U.S. women, the exception being medium-sized LDL and HDL particle concentrations which decrease during gestation and are similar in both cohorts of women. The proteomes of HDL also change in ways to support gestation. These changes warrant further study to determine how a lack of change or different changes could impact negative pregnancy outcomes.
在资源丰富的环境中，脂蛋白亚组分浓度随着妊娠的进展而变化。本研究的目的是评估在资源匮乏的环境中妊娠对不同大小脂蛋白颗粒浓度和组成的影响。
在冈比亚农村，从妊娠妇女入组时（8-20 周）、20 周和 30 周收集样本。用核磁共振测量了 126 名女性中一部分女性的不同大小的高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯丰富脂蛋白颗粒（HDL、LDL 和 TRL，分别）的浓度。分离 HDL 并用质谱法评估 HDL 蛋白质组。冈比亚妇女的亚组分浓度也与妊娠中期美国妇女的浓度进行了比较。
总脂蛋白颗粒和所有大小的 TRL、LDL 和 HDL 颗粒浓度在妊娠期间增加，中等大小的 LDL 和 HDL 颗粒减少除外。亚组分浓度与婴儿出生体重无关，但在正常出生体重（<2500 克）与低出生体重（<2500 克）婴儿的妇女中发现了一些脂蛋白亚组分浓度之间的关系。HDL 的蛋白质组在妊娠期间也发生了变化，表现出与金属离子结合、止血、脂质代谢、蛋白酶抑制剂、蛋白水解和补体激活相关的蛋白质富集。与美国妇女相比，冈比亚妇女的大、小 LDL 和 HDL 浓度较低，而中等大小的 LDL 和 HDL 浓度相似。
在冈比亚妇女中，大多数脂蛋白亚组分浓度在整个妊娠期间增加，并且在冈比亚与美国妇女相比，除了中等大小的 LDL 和 HDL 颗粒浓度在妊娠期间下降且在两个妇女群体中相似外，浓度较低。HDL 的蛋白质组也以支持妊娠的方式发生变化。这些变化需要进一步研究，以确定缺乏变化或不同变化如何影响妊娠不良结局。
