Hartmann Matthias, Müller Petra
UniDistance Suisse, Switzerland.
University of Bern, Switzerland.
Iperception. 2023 Jan 18;14(1):20416695221144732. doi: 10.1177/20416695221144732. eCollection 2023 Jan-Feb.
Just as perceptual heuristics can lead to visual illusions, cognitive heuristics can lead to biased judgements, such as "illusory pattern perception" (i.e., seeing patterns in unrelated events). Here we further investigated the common underlying mechanism behind irrational beliefs and illusory pattern perception in visual images. For trials in which no object was present in the noise, we found that the tendency to report seeing an object was positively correlated with the endorsement of both COVID-19 specific conspiracy theories and paranormal beliefs. The present results suggest that the cognitive bias to see meaningful connections in noise can have an impact on socio-political cognition as well as on perceptual decision making.
正如感知启发法会导致视觉错觉一样，认知启发法也会导致有偏差的判断，比如“虚幻模式感知”（即在不相关事件中看到模式）。在这里，我们进一步研究了视觉图像中不合理信念和虚幻模式感知背后的共同潜在机制。对于那些噪声中不存在物体的试验，我们发现报告看到物体的倾向与对新冠病毒特定阴谋论和超自然信念的认同呈正相关。目前的结果表明，在噪声中看到有意义联系的认知偏差会对社会政治认知以及感知决策产生影响。
