Roy Anirban, Sahu Parmeshwar K, Das Camellia, Bhattacharyya Somnath, Raina Aamir, Mondal Suvendu
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur West Bengal, India.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational & Research Institute (RKMVERI), Ramkrishna Mission Ashrama, Kolkata, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 20;13:1001682. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1001682. eCollection 2022.
Lentil, an important cool season food legume, is a rich source of easily digestible protein, folic acid, bio-available iron, and zinc nutrients. Lentil grows mainly as a sole crop in the winter after harvesting rice in South Asia. However, the annual productivity is low due to its slow growth during the early phase, competitive weed infestation, and disease outbreaks during the crop growth period. Disease resistance breeding has been practiced for a long time to enhance resistance to various diseases. Often the sources of resistance are available in wild crop relatives. Thus, wide hybridization and the ovule rescue technique have helped to introgress the resistance trait into cultivated lentils. Besides hybridization, induced mutagenesis contributed immensely in creating variability for disease tolerance, and several disease-resistant mutant lines have been developed. However, to overcome the limitations of traditional breeding approaches, advancement in molecular marker technologies, and genomics has helped to develop disease-resistant and climate-resilient lentil varieties with more precision and efficiency. This review describes types of diseases, disease screening methods, the role of conventional and new breeding technologies in alleviating disease-incurred damage and progress toward making lentil varieties more resilient to disease outbreaks under the shadow of climate change.
小扁豆是一种重要的冷季食用豆类，富含易于消化的蛋白质、叶酸、生物可利用铁和锌等营养物质。在南亚，小扁豆主要在水稻收获后的冬季作为单一作物种植。然而，由于其生长前期生长缓慢、杂草竞争严重以及作物生长期间疾病爆发，其年产量较低。长期以来，人们一直通过抗病育种来增强对各种疾病的抗性。抗性来源通常存在于野生作物近缘种中。因此，远缘杂交和胚珠拯救技术有助于将抗性性状导入栽培小扁豆中。除了杂交，诱变在创造抗病变异性方面也发挥了巨大作用，并且已经培育出了几个抗病突变系。然而，为了克服传统育种方法的局限性，分子标记技术和基因组学的进步有助于更精确、高效地培育抗病和适应气候变化的小扁豆品种。本文综述了病害类型、病害筛选方法、传统育种技术和新育种技术在减轻病害损失方面的作用，以及在气候变化背景下培育更具抗病能力的小扁豆品种的进展。
