Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, València, Spain.
J Relig Health. 2024 Feb;63(1):6-30. doi: 10.1007/s10943-023-01760-4. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
The relationship between psychology and religion has been widely debated in the field of psychology from its foundation as an empirical science to the present day. One author who was interested in the relationship between psychology and religion, the place of the latter in human nature, and its role in psychotherapy was the Viennese neurologist, psychiatrist, and philosopher Viktor Emil Frankl (1905-1997), the founder of logotherapy. This paper presents Frankl's main ideas about religion, the religious nature of the human being, and the relationship between religiosity, psychotherapy, and logotherapy, as well as a review of the main criticisms he has received in this regard. Frankl always defended the differences and limits between religion and psychotherapy, between the priestly cure of souls and the medical cure of souls, and between the salvific objective of religion and the hygienic objective of psychotherapy. In our opinion, critical authors have failed to appreciate Frankl's efforts to expose this distinction.
心理学和宗教之间的关系一直是心理学领域从其作为经验科学的基础到今天广泛争论的话题。一位对心理学和宗教之间的关系、后者在人性中的地位及其在心理治疗中的作用感兴趣的作者是维也纳神经病学家、精神科医生和哲学家维克多·弗兰克（Viktor Emil Frankl，1905-1997 年），他是意义治疗学的创始人。本文介绍了弗兰克关于宗教、人类的宗教本性以及宗教信仰、心理治疗和意义治疗之间关系的主要思想，以及对他在这方面的主要批评的回顾。弗兰克始终捍卫宗教和心理治疗、神职人员的灵魂治疗和医学的灵魂治疗、宗教的救赎目标和心理治疗的卫生目标之间的差异和界限。在我们看来，批评性的作者没有意识到弗兰克努力揭示这种区别的意义。
