单核细胞在视神经损伤中的作用。
The role of monocytes in optic nerve injury.
作者信息
Liu Xiangxiang, Liu Yuan, Khodeiry Mohamed M, Lee Richard K
机构信息
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
出版信息
Neural Regen Res. 2023 Aug;18(8):1666-1671. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.363825.
Monocytes, including monocyte-derived macrophages and resident microglia, mediate many phases of optic nerve injury pathogenesis. Resident microglia respond first, followed by infiltrating macrophages which regulate neuronal inflammation, cell proliferation and differentiation, scar formation and tissue remodeling following optic nerve injury. However, microglia and macrophages have distinct functions which can be either beneficial or detrimental to the optic nerve depending on the spatial context and temporal sequence of their activity. These divergent effects are attributed to pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines expressed by monocytes, crosstalk between monocyte and glial cells and even microglia-macrophage communication. In this review, we describe the dynamics and functions of microglia and macrophages in neuronal inflammation and regeneration following optic nerve injury, and their possible role as therapeutic targets for axonal regeneration.
单核细胞，包括单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞和驻留小胶质细胞，介导视神经损伤发病机制的多个阶段。驻留小胶质细胞首先做出反应，随后浸润的巨噬细胞调节视神经损伤后的神经元炎症、细胞增殖和分化、瘢痕形成以及组织重塑。然而，小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞具有不同的功能，根据其活动的空间背景和时间顺序，这些功能对视神经可能有益也可能有害。这些不同的效应归因于单核细胞表达的促炎和抗炎细胞因子、单核细胞与神经胶质细胞之间的相互作用，甚至小胶质细胞与巨噬细胞之间的通讯。在这篇综述中，我们描述了视神经损伤后小胶质细胞和巨噬细胞在神经元炎症和再生中的动态变化及功能，以及它们作为轴突再生治疗靶点的潜在作用。
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