Mahindru Aditya, Patil Pradeep, Agrawal Varun
Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Jan 7;15(1):e33475. doi: 10.7759/cureus.33475. eCollection 2023 Jan.
In addition to the apparent physical health benefits, physical activity also affects mental health positively. Physically inactive individuals have been reported to have higher rates of morbidity and healthcare expenditures. Commonly, exercise therapy is recommended to combat these challenges and preserve mental wellness. According to empirical investigations, physical activity is positively associated with certain mental health traits. In nonclinical investigations, the most significant effects of physical exercise have been on self-concept and body image. An attempt to review the current understanding of the physiological and psychological mechanisms by which exercise improves mental health is presented in this review article. Regular physical activity improves the functioning of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Depression and anxiety appear to be influenced by physical exercise, but to a smaller extent in the population than in clinical patients. Numerous hypotheses attempt to explain the connection between physical fitness and mental wellness. Physical activity was shown to help with sleep and improve various psychiatric disorders. Exercise in general is associated with a better mood and improved quality of life. Physical exercise and yoga may help in the management of cravings for substances, especially in people who may not have access to other forms of therapy. Evidence suggests that increased physical activity can help attenuate some psychotic symptoms and treat medical comorbidities that accompany psychotic disorders. The dearth of literature in the Indian context also indicated that more research was needed to evaluate and implement interventions for physical activity tailored to the Indian context.
除了对身体健康有明显益处外，体育活动对心理健康也有积极影响。据报道，缺乏体育活动的人发病率和医疗保健支出更高。通常，建议采用运动疗法来应对这些挑战并保持心理健康。根据实证研究，体育活动与某些心理健康特征呈正相关。在非临床研究中，体育锻炼最显著的影响在于自我概念和身体形象。本文试图综述当前对运动改善心理健康的生理和心理机制的理解。规律的体育活动可改善下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺轴的功能。抑郁和焦虑似乎受到体育锻炼的影响，但在普通人群中的影响程度小于临床患者。众多假说试图解释身体健康与心理健康之间的联系。体育活动被证明有助于睡眠并改善各种精神障碍。总体而言，运动与更好的情绪和更高的生活质量相关。体育锻炼和瑜伽可能有助于控制对物质的渴望，尤其是在那些无法获得其他治疗形式的人群中。有证据表明，增加体育活动有助于减轻一些精神病症状，并治疗伴随精神障碍的合并症。印度背景下的文献匮乏也表明，需要更多研究来评估和实施针对印度背景的体育活动干预措施。
