Center for Observational and Real-World Evidence, MSD Spain, Madrid, Spain.
Adelphi Values Ltd, Bollington, UK.
J Med Econ. 2023 Jan-Dec;26(1):254-261. doi: 10.1080/13696998.2023.2169497.
Breast cancer (BC) poses a public health challenge as the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women globally. While BC mortality has declined across Europe in the past three decades, an opposite trend has been reported in some transitional European countries. This analysis estimates the mortality burden and the cost of lost productivity due to BC deaths in nine Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, and Slovenia, that have defied the favorable cancer mortality trends. These estimates may provide relevant evidence to aid decision-makers in the prioritization of BC-targeted policies.
The human capital approach (HCA) was used to estimate years of life lost (YLL) and productivity losses due to premature death from BC (ICD-10 code: C50 Malignant neoplasm of breast). YLL and present value of future lost productivity (PVFLP) were calculated using age and gender-specific mortality, wages, and employment rates. Data were sourced from the World Health Organization (WHO), Eurostat, and the World Bank.
In 2019, there were 19,726 BC deaths in the nine CEE countries. This study estimated BC deaths resulted in 267,184 YLL. Annual PVFLP was estimated to be €85 M in Poland, €46 M in Romania, €39 M in Hungary, €21 M in Slovakia, €18 M in Serbia, €16 M in Czech Republic, €15 M in Bulgaria, €13 M in Croatia, and €7 M in Slovenia.
Premature death from BC leads to substantial YLL and productivity losses. Lost productivity costs due to premature BC-related mortality exceeded €259 million in 2019 alone. The data modeled provide important evidence toward resource allocation priorities for BC prevention, screening, and treatment that could potentially decrease productivity losses. Careful consideration should be given to BC-specific policies, such as surveillance programs and the availability of new treatments in CEE countries to decrease the medical and financial burden of the disease.
乳腺癌（BC）是全球女性中最常见的癌症，构成了公共卫生挑战。尽管过去三十年来欧洲的 BC 死亡率有所下降，但一些转型期欧洲国家却报告了相反的趋势。本分析估计了九个中东欧（CEE）国家（保加利亚、克罗地亚、捷克共和国、匈牙利、波兰、罗马尼亚、塞尔维亚、斯洛伐克和斯洛文尼亚）因 BC 死亡造成的死亡率负担和生产力损失成本，这些国家的癌症死亡率趋势并不乐观。这些估计可能为决策者提供相关证据，以优先考虑针对 BC 的政策。
采用人力资本法（HCA）估计因 BC（ICD-10 代码：C50 乳房恶性肿瘤）导致的过早死亡而导致的生命年损失（YLL）和生产力损失。使用年龄和性别特定的死亡率、工资和就业率计算 YLL 和未来损失生产力的现值（PVFLP）。数据来自世界卫生组织（WHO）、欧盟统计局和世界银行。
2019 年，九个 CEE 国家有 19726 例 BC 死亡。本研究估计 BC 死亡导致 267184 人 YLL。估计波兰每年因 BC 死亡导致的 PVFLP 为 8500 万欧元，罗马尼亚为 4600 万欧元，匈牙利为 3900 万欧元，斯洛伐克为 2100 万欧元，塞尔维亚为 1800 万欧元，捷克共和国为 1600 万欧元，保加利亚为 1500 万欧元，克罗地亚为 1300 万欧元，斯洛文尼亚为 700 万欧元。
BC 导致的过早死亡导致了大量的 YLL 和生产力损失。仅 2019 年，因 BC 相关过早死亡导致的生产力损失成本就超过 2.59 亿欧元。建模数据为 BC 预防、筛查和治疗的资源分配优先级提供了重要证据，这可能会降低生产力损失。应仔细考虑针对 CEE 国家的 BC 特定政策，例如监测计划和新治疗方法的可及性，以降低该疾病的医疗和经济负担。
