Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2023 Mar 1;244:109793. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109793. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Parental drug use disorders (PDUDs) represent a highly prevalent risk factor for youth's development of psychological and substance misuse. However, most research on associations between parental substance use and child mental health focuses on composites of parental drug, alcohol, and tobacco use. PDUDs are associated with a range of legal, health, and environmental risks that make them substantially distinct from tobacco and alcohol misuse, yet associations between PDUDs and youth psychopathology symptoms have yet to be assessed quantitatively using meta-analytic techniques. Accordingly, the present meta-analysis assessed the association between PDUDs and youth's internalizing, externalizing, substance use, and total psychological problems across 30 studies (N = 8433). Meta-analytic findings showed that PDUDs were associated with greater substance use and total psychological problems in youth. Across studies, PDUDs were not associated with broad dimensions of youth internalizing and externalizing symptoms but demonstrated a positive relation with youth ADHD and conduct disorder symptoms. There were significant moderation effects for study quality, symptom informant, and child age, where the association between PDUDs and child symptoms of psychopathology was stronger for older youth, in higher quality studies, and studies using joint parent-child symptom informants. Taken together, the meta-analytic findings suggest that PDUDs present a significant risk factor for youth. Future research targeting the relation between parental drug use and youth psychopathology is warranted for prevention and intervention efforts. Implication of findings, mechanisms of interest, and an agenda for future research are discussed.
父母的药物使用障碍 (PDUDs) 是青少年心理和物质滥用发展的一个高度普遍的风险因素。然而，大多数关于父母物质使用与儿童心理健康之间关联的研究都集中在父母药物、酒精和烟草使用的综合因素上。PDUDs 与一系列法律、健康和环境风险相关，这些风险使它们与烟草和酒精滥用有很大的不同，但 PDUDs 与青少年精神病理症状之间的关联尚未通过元分析技术进行定量评估。因此，本元分析评估了 30 项研究中 PDUDs 与青少年内化、外化、物质使用和总心理问题之间的关联（N=8433）。元分析结果表明，PDUDs 与青少年物质使用和总心理问题的增加有关。在各项研究中，PDUDs 与青少年内化和外化症状的广泛维度无关，但与青少年 ADHD 和品行障碍症状呈正相关。研究质量、症状报告者和儿童年龄存在显著的调节作用，在高质量的研究中，以及使用父母-子女联合症状报告者的研究中，PDUDs 与儿童精神病理症状之间的关联更强。总的来说，元分析结果表明，PDUDs 是青少年的一个重要风险因素。未来针对父母药物使用与青少年精神病理之间关系的研究对于预防和干预工作是必要的。讨论了研究结果的意义、感兴趣的机制以及未来研究的议程。
