人乳和婴儿配方奶粉的脂质谱：一项比较脂质组学研究

Lipid Profiles of Human Milk and Infant Formulas: A Comparative Lipidomics Study.

作者信息

Wu Danjie, Zhang Le, Zhang Yan, Shi Jiachen, Tan Chin Ping, Zheng Zhaojun, Liu Yuanfa

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.

Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China.

出版信息

Foods. 2023 Feb 1;12(3):600. doi: 10.3390/foods12030600.

Infant formulas (IFs) are prevalent alternatives for human milk (HM), although their comparative lipid profiles have not been fully investigated. We adopted lipidomics to analyze and compare in-depth the lipid patterns of HM and IFs. The results indicated that the distribution of fatty acids (FAs) and the structure of triacylglycerols varied substantially in the analyzed samples. A total number of 425 species were identified during the analysis. HM was abundant in triacylglycerols that contained unsaturated and long-chain FAs (>C13), while triacylglycerols in IFs were mainly comprised of saturated and medium-chain FAs (C8-C13). Higher levels of sphingomyelin were observed in HM. Furthermore, HM and IF1 contained 67 significantly differential lipids (SDLs), and 73 were identified between HM and IF2. These SDLs were closely associated with nine metabolic pathways, of which the most significant was the glycerophospholipid metabolism. The results shed light on the differences between the lipid profiles of human and infant formula milks, and provide support for designing Chinese infant formula.

婴儿配方奶粉（IFs）是母乳（HM）普遍使用的替代品，尽管它们的脂质谱比较尚未得到充分研究。我们采用脂质组学方法深入分析和比较了母乳和婴儿配方奶粉的脂质模式。结果表明，在分析的样本中，脂肪酸（FAs）的分布和三酰甘油的结构有很大差异。分析过程中共鉴定出425种脂质。母乳中富含含有不饱和脂肪酸和长链脂肪酸（>C13）的三酰甘油，而婴儿配方奶粉中的三酰甘油主要由饱和脂肪酸和中链脂肪酸（C8-C13）组成。母乳中鞘磷脂水平较高。此外，母乳和IF1之间鉴定出67种显著差异脂质（SDLs），母乳和IF2之间鉴定出73种。这些SDLs与九条代谢途径密切相关，其中最重要的是甘油磷脂代谢。研究结果揭示了人乳和婴儿配方奶粉脂质谱之间的差异，并为设计中国婴儿配方奶粉提供了支持。