Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 21;20(3):2007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032007.
Adolescence is a vital period of growth and development, both of which are dependent on adequate nutrition; however, concerns persist about poor nutrition and inappropriate food behaviours. In addition to nutrition assessment, the context of food and health behaviour is necessary to understand how dietary choices are shaped and related to diet quality. This study describes food-related behaviours and health indicators associated with dietary quality among adolescents in Manitoba, Canada. A stratified two-stage sampling method was used to collect data on the diet, food behaviours and health indicators of 1587 grade nine students. Diet quality was analysed using the Healthy Eating Index-Canada. Several food behaviours and health indicators varied by gender and school region (urban, rural, northern). The Independent Samples t-test and one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) assessed differences between groups on the Healthy Eating Index-Canada. Higher Healthy Eating Index-Canada scores were found for those eating family dinners more frequently; consuming breakfast and lunch more frequently; consuming breakfast at home; eating lunch and morning snacks at school; purchasing fewer meals and snacks from cafeterias and vending machines; believing that food and nutrition education is important; not attempting to lose weight; being classified as 'healthy weight'; and getting more sleep. Many Manitoba youth are exhibiting food and health behaviours that increase their risk of having a poor diet.
青春期是生长和发育的关键时期，这两者都依赖于充足的营养；然而，人们仍然担心营养不足和不适当的食物行为。除了营养评估，还需要了解食物和健康行为的背景，以了解饮食选择是如何形成的，以及与饮食质量的关系。本研究描述了加拿大马尼托巴省青少年与饮食质量相关的食物行为和健康指标。采用分层两阶段抽样方法，收集了 1587 名九年级学生的饮食、食物行为和健康指标数据。使用加拿大健康饮食指数分析饮食质量。一些食物行为和健康指标因性别和学校地区（城市、农村、北部）而异。独立样本 t 检验和单因素方差分析（方差分析）评估了健康饮食指数加拿大得分在不同组之间的差异。那些更频繁地与家人一起吃饭、更频繁地吃早餐和午餐、在家吃早餐、在学校吃午餐和早餐零食、从自助餐厅和自动售货机购买更少的餐点和零食、认为食物和营养教育很重要、不试图减肥、被归类为“健康体重”以及睡眠更多的人，其加拿大健康饮食指数得分更高。许多马尼托巴省的年轻人表现出增加不良饮食风险的食物和健康行为。
