Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Community Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK 74120, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 27;20(3):2258. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032258.
Pregnancy is a remarkable time and generates several changes in women in a short period. Body image is understood as the mental representation of the body itself, and, although bodily changes are considered healthy, they can impact pregnant women's body image. Problems related to body image during pregnancy can affect the health of the mother and fetus; thus, it is essential for health professionals to detect potential disorders as soon as possible. The objective of this systematic review was to identify instruments for assessing body image in pregnant women, highlighting their main characteristics. To this end, we applied the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to searches in the EMBASE, PubMed, and American Psychological Association databases from 5 January to 10 August 2021. We included studies on adult pregnant women without comorbidities in the validation and adaptation of (sub)scales that analyze components of body image. We excluded studies that considered nonpregnant, adolescent, postpartum, and/or clinical populations, as well as smoking/drug use studies that were not validation studies or did not assess any aspect of body image. We investigated the quality of the studies using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs. In all, we examined 13 studies. The results point to a growing concern over body image during pregnancy, as there has been an increase in the number of validation and adaptation studies involving scales for different cultures that scrutinize different constructs. The findings suggest that the listed instruments be used in future research.
妊娠是一个特殊的时期，在短时间内会使女性发生多种变化。体像被理解为对自身身体的心理表现，尽管身体变化被认为是健康的，但它们可能会影响孕妇的体像。与妊娠期间体像相关的问题可能会影响母亲和胎儿的健康；因此，健康专业人员尽早发现潜在的障碍至关重要。本次系统评价的目的是确定评估孕妇体像的工具，并突出其主要特征。为此，我们按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目的建议，于 2021 年 1 月 5 日至 8 月 10 日在 EMBASE、PubMed 和美国心理学会数据库中进行了检索。我们纳入了对无合并症的成年孕妇进行（亚）量表验证和改编的研究，这些（亚）量表分析体像的组成部分。我们排除了考虑非孕妇、青少年、产后和/或临床人群的研究，以及不进行验证研究或不评估体像任何方面的吸烟/药物使用研究。我们使用具有不同设计的研究质量评估工具来评估研究的质量。我们共检查了 13 项研究。结果表明，人们越来越关注妊娠期间的体像，因为涉及不同文化的量表的验证和改编研究数量有所增加，这些量表研究了不同的结构。研究结果表明，应在未来的研究中使用列出的工具。
