Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Akita Innovations, North Billerica, MA 01862, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 23;24(3):2241. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032241.
Photoacoustic imaging using external contrast agents is emerging as a powerful modality for real-time molecular imaging of deep-seated tumors. There are several chromophores, such as indocyanine green and IRDye800, that can potentially be used for photoacoustic imaging; however, their use is limited due to several drawbacks, particularly photostability. There is, therefore, an urgent need to design agents to enhance contrast in photoacoustic imaging. Naphthalocyanine dyes have been demonstrated for their use as photoacoustic contrast agents; however, their low solubility in aqueous solvents and high aggregation propensity limit their application. In this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of silicon-centered naphthalocyanine dyes with high aqueous solubility and near infra-red (NIR) absorption in the range of 850-920 nm which make them ideal candidates for photoacoustic imaging. A series of Silicon-centered naphthalocyanine dyes were developed with varying axial and peripheral substitutions, all in an attempt to enhance their aqueous solubility and improve photophysical properties. We demonstrate that axial incorporation of charged ammonium mesylate group enhances water solubility. Moreover, the incorporation of peripheral 2-methoxyethoxy groups at the α-position modulates the electronic properties by altering the π-electron delocalization and enhancing photoacoustic signal amplitude. In addition, all the dyes were synthesized to incorporate an N-hydroxysuccinimidyl group to enable further bioconjugation. In summary, we report the synthesis of water-soluble silicon-centered naphthalocyanine dyes with a high photoacoustic signal amplitude that can potentially be used as contrast agents for molecular photoacoustic imaging.
基于外部对比剂的光声成像是一种实时深层肿瘤分子成像的强大方法。有几种发色团,如吲哚菁绿和 IRDye800,可潜在用于光声成像;但是,由于多种缺点,特别是光稳定性,它们的使用受到限制。因此,迫切需要设计增强光声成像对比度的试剂。萘酞菁染料已被证明可用作光声对比剂;然而,它们在水溶剂中的低溶解度和高聚集倾向限制了它们的应用。在这项研究中,我们报告了具有高水溶性和近红外(NIR)850-920nm 吸收范围的硅中心萘酞菁染料的合成和表征,这使它们成为光声成像的理想候选物。我们开发了一系列具有不同轴向和外围取代基的硅中心萘酞菁染料,所有这些都旨在提高它们的水溶性和改善光物理性质。我们证明,轴向引入带正电荷的甲磺酸铵基团可提高水溶性。此外,通过改变π-电子离域并增强光声信号幅度,在α位引入外围 2-甲氧基乙氧基基团可调节电子性质。此外,所有染料都被合成以包含 N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺基团,从而能够进一步进行生物偶联。总之,我们报告了水溶性硅中心萘酞菁染料的合成,其光声信号幅度高,可潜在用作分子光声成像的对比剂。
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