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小豆蔻（采用瞬时控制降压技术与超声耦合的联合提取方法获得的精油）的抗氧化活性和 GC-MS 图谱。

Antioxidant Activity and GC-MS Profile of Cardamom ( Essential Oil Obtained by a Combined Extraction Method-Instant Controlled Pressure Drop Technology Coupled with Sonication.

机构信息

School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.

School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Queretaro 76130, Mexico.

出版信息

Molecules. 2023 Jan 21;28(3):1093. doi: 10.3390/molecules28031093.

DOI:10.3390/molecules28031093
PMID:36770758
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920946/
Abstract

Cardamom Essential oils are highly demanded because of their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. Nonetheless, retrieving quality extracts quickly with efficient energy savings has been challenging. Therefore, green technologies are emerging as possible alternatives. Thus, this study evaluates the yield and quality of the instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) process coupled with ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of cardamom essential oil (CEO). Likewise, the antioxidant activity, chemical profile of CEO, and microstructure of seeds were analyzed. This study analyzed 13 different treatments with varying saturated steam processing temperatures (SSPT), thermal processing times (TPT), and 1 control. The results showed that CEO yield increased significantly by DIC (140 °C and 30 s) and UAE compared to the control (22.53% vs. 15.6%). DIC 2 (165 °C, 30 s) showed the highest DPPH inhibition (79.48%) and the best Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) by the control with 0.60 uMTE/g. The GC/MS analysis showed 28 volatile constituents, withα-Terpinyl acetate, geranyl oleate, and oleic acid being the most abundant. DIC (140 °C and 30 s) and UAE showed the best yield and chemical profile. The SEM microscopy of untreated seeds revealed collapsed structures before the oil cell layer, which reduced the extraction yield, contrary to DIC-treated seeds, with more porous structures. Therefore, combining innovative extraction methods could solve the drawbacks of traditional extraction methods.

摘要

小豆蔻精油因其具有抗菌、抗炎和抗氧化活性而需求量很大。然而，快速提取高质量提取物并节约高效能源一直是一个挑战。因此，绿色技术作为一种可能的替代方案正在出现。因此，本研究评估了瞬时控制降压（DIC）过程与超声辅助提取（UAE）小豆蔻精油（CEO）相结合的产率和质量。此外，还分析了 CEO 的抗氧化活性、化学成分和种子的微观结构。本研究分析了 13 种不同处理方法，处理方法包括不同的饱和蒸汽处理温度（SSPT）、热处理时间（TPT）和 1 个对照。结果表明，与对照相比，DIC（140°C 和 30 秒）和 UAE 显著提高了 CEO 的产率（140°C 和 30 秒）（22.53%比 15.6%）。DIC2（165°C，30 秒）表现出最高的 DPPH 抑制率（79.48%）和最佳 Trolox 当量抗氧化能力（TEAC），而对照品的 TEAC 为 0.60 uMTE/g。GC/MS 分析表明，有 28 种挥发性成分，其中乙酸α-松油醇酯、香叶基油酸酯和油酸含量最丰富。DIC（140°C 和 30 秒）和 UAE 表现出最高的产率和化学成分。未经处理的种子的 SEM 显微镜显示，在油细胞层之前，结构坍塌，这降低了提取产率，与 DIC 处理的种子相反，DIC 处理的种子具有更多的多孔结构。因此，结合创新的提取方法可以解决传统提取方法的缺点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1297/9920946/7245e016a7c1/molecules-28-01093-g008a.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1297/9920946/7245e016a7c1/molecules-28-01093-g008a.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1297/9920946/9b4dbaf3b17b/molecules-28-01093-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1297/9920946/6b7cfd411c31/molecules-28-01093-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1297/9920946/f63ba0032f56/molecules-28-01093-g003.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1297/9920946/7245e016a7c1/molecules-28-01093-g008a.jpg

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