Pepelnjak Tomaž, Stojšić Josip, Sevšek Luka, Movrin Dejan, Milutinović Mladomir
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Mechanical Engineering Faculty in Slavonski Brod, University of Slavonski Brod, Trg Ivane Brlić Mažuranić 2, 35000 Slavonski Brod, Croatia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 Jan 31;15(3):716. doi: 10.3390/polym15030716.
Over the past few decades, additive manufacturing (AM) has become a reliable tool for prototyping and low-volume production. In recent years, the market share of such products has increased rapidly as these manufacturing concepts allow for greater part complexity compared to conventional manufacturing technologies. Furthermore, as recyclability and biocompatibility have become more important in material selection, biopolymers have also become widely used in AM. This article provides an overview of AM with advanced biopolymers in fields from medicine to food packaging. Various AM technologies are presented, focusing on the biopolymers used, selected part fabrication strategies, and influential parameters of the technologies presented. It should be emphasized that inkjet bioprinting, stereolithography, selective laser sintering, fused deposition modeling, extrusion-based bioprinting, and scaffold-free printing are the most commonly used AM technologies for the production of parts from advanced biopolymers. Achievable part complexity will be discussed with emphasis on manufacturable features, layer thickness, production accuracy, materials applied, and part strength in correlation with key AM technologies and their parameters crucial for producing representative examples, anatomical models, specialized medical instruments, medical implants, time-dependent prosthetic features, etc. Future trends of advanced biopolymers focused on establishing target-time-dependent part properties through 4D additive manufacturing are also discussed.
在过去几十年中，增材制造（AM）已成为原型制作和小批量生产的可靠工具。近年来，此类产品的市场份额迅速增长，因为与传统制造技术相比，这些制造理念允许制造更复杂的部件。此外，随着可回收性和生物相容性在材料选择中变得越来越重要，生物聚合物也在增材制造中得到广泛应用。本文概述了先进生物聚合物在从医学到食品包装等领域的增材制造应用。介绍了各种增材制造技术，重点关注所使用的生物聚合物、选定的部件制造策略以及所介绍技术的影响参数。需要强调的是，喷墨生物打印、立体光刻、选择性激光烧结、熔融沉积建模、挤出式生物打印和无支架打印是使用先进生物聚合物生产部件最常用的增材制造技术。将结合关键增材制造技术及其参数来讨论可实现的部件复杂性，重点关注可制造特征、层厚、生产精度、应用材料以及与生产代表性示例、解剖模型、专用医疗器械、医疗植入物、随时间变化的假体特征等相关的部件强度。还讨论了先进生物聚合物的未来趋势，即通过4D增材制造建立随时间变化的部件性能目标。
