Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA.
Department of Nanoengineering, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27401, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Jan 20;23(3):1226. doi: 10.3390/s23031226.
Emerging materials integrated into high performance flexible electronics to detect environmental contaminants have received extensive attention worldwide. The accurate detection of widespread organophosphorus (OP) compounds in the environment is crucial due to their high toxicity even at low concentrations, which leads to acute health concerns. Therefore, developing rapid, highly sensitive, reliable, and facile analytical sensing techniques is necessary to monitor environmental, ecological, and food safety risks. Although enzyme-based sensors have better sensitivity, their practical usage is hindered due to their low specificity and stability. Therefore, among various detection methods of OP compounds, this review article focuses on the progress made in the development of enzyme-free electrochemical sensors as an effective nostrum. Further, the novel materials used in these sensors and their properties, synthesis methodologies, sensing strategies, analytical methods, detection limits, and stability are discussed. Finally, this article summarizes potential avenues for future prospective electrochemical sensors and the current challenges of enhancing the performance, stability, and shelf life.
新兴材料集成到高性能柔性电子产品中以检测环境污染物已在全球范围内受到广泛关注。由于环境中广泛存在的有机磷 (OP) 化合物即使在低浓度下也具有很高的毒性，会导致严重的健康问题，因此准确检测环境、生态和食品安全风险至关重要。因此，开发快速、高灵敏度、可靠和简便的分析传感技术对于监测环境、生态和食品安全风险是必要的。尽管基于酶的传感器具有更好的灵敏度，但由于其特异性和稳定性较低，其实际应用受到限制。因此，在 OP 化合物的各种检测方法中，本文重点介绍了无酶电化学传感器作为有效方法的发展进展。此外，还讨论了这些传感器中使用的新型材料及其特性、合成方法、传感策略、分析方法、检测限和稳定性。最后，本文总结了未来电化学传感器的潜在途径以及提高性能、稳定性和保质期的当前挑战。
