批判性自闭症研究中的交叉性:一项叙事综述。
Intersectionality Within Critical Autism Studies: A Narrative Review.
作者信息
Mallipeddi Nathan V, VanDaalen Rachel A
机构信息
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Autism Adulthood. 2022 Dec 1;4(4):281-289. doi: 10.1089/aut.2021.0014. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
The aim of this narrative review was to examine intersectionality within critical autism studies. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the importance of intersectional frameworks in highlighting the diverse experiences of marginalized communities. Many disability studies researchers investigated intersectionality to elucidate the impact of race, gender, sexuality, class, and other constructs on disability identification. Within critical autism studies, a field that emerged to challenge the deficit-laden, pathologizing autism discourses favored by the medical community, intersectionality has started to become an integral component of the literature. This review highlights intersectional frameworks utilized to explore autism in both academic and nonacademic contexts, to provide a foundation for future study. Upon analysis, we found overarching themes regarding the explicit, implicit, and descriptive approaches to intersectionality, racial and gender biases within critical autism studies, and the multidisciplinary nature of intersectionality and critical autism studies. We finish the review with recommendations for how to more fully address the experiences of all autistic people-particularly of racial, gender, and sexual minority individuals-in future study. Our recommendations include utilizing intersectionality as an analytical lens for describing previously overlooked phenomena and questioning central tenets of methodology and processes, including developing research questions, analyzing data, and writing results.
本叙述性综述的目的是审视批判性自闭症研究中的交叉性。越来越多的证据表明,交叉性框架在凸显边缘化群体的多样经历方面具有重要意义。许多残疾研究的研究者探究交叉性,以阐明种族、性别、性取向、阶级及其他因素对残疾认定的影响。在批判性自闭症研究领域,该领域的出现是为了挑战医学界所青睐的、充满缺陷视角和将自闭症病态化的话语,交叉性已开始成为文献的一个重要组成部分。本综述着重介绍了在学术和非学术背景下用于探索自闭症的交叉性框架,为未来的研究奠定基础。经过分析,我们发现了有关交叉性的显性、隐性和描述性方法、批判性自闭症研究中的种族和性别偏见,以及交叉性和批判性自闭症研究的多学科性质等总体主题。我们在综述结尾提出了一些建议,说明如何在未来的研究中更全面地探讨所有自闭症患者的经历,尤其是种族、性别和性少数群体个体的经历。我们的建议包括将交叉性用作分析视角,以描述先前被忽视的现象,并质疑方法和过程的核心原则,包括提出研究问题、分析数据和撰写研究结果。