Department of Statistics, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh.
Department of Mathematics, Comilla University, Cumilla, Bangladesh.
PLoS One. 2023 Feb 13;18(2):e0275431. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275431. eCollection 2023.
In today's world, the key variable for measuring population health is life expectancy (LE). The purpose of this research is to find out how life expectancy is related to other factors and develop a model to account for the predictors that contribute to LE. This study is also conducted to investigate and measure the effect of socioeconomic variables on LE in Bangladesh. In this study, the predictor variables are employment rate, gross national income (GNI), population growth rate, unemployment rate, and age dependency ratio. Path analysis disintegrated bivariate analysis and showed that employment rate, GNI, and age dependency ratio are significantly related to life expectancy, although bivariate analysis showed all variables are significantly related to LE. The maximum values of significant factors, GNI and employment rates, are $1930 and 21.32% happened in 2019, which is positively correlated with life expectancy. Also, the maximum value of the age dependency ratio (81.52%) happened in 1991, whereas the maximum value of the dependent variable LE (72.59 years) happened in 2019. It has been observed that LE, GNI, and employment rates all rise with one another. There exists an adverse relationship between LE and age dependency ratio. Based on comparisons with other highly developed nations, Bangladesh's GNI needs to grow faster than other significant factors to boost life expectancy. We have forecasted variables that were significantly related to LE until 2030 for the purpose of sustainable development goals, especially the 3rd goal.
在当今世界，衡量人口健康的关键变量是预期寿命（LE）。本研究旨在探讨预期寿命与其他因素的关系，并建立一个模型来解释对 LE 有贡献的预测因素。本研究还旨在调查和衡量社会经济变量对孟加拉国 LE 的影响。在这项研究中，预测变量是就业率、国民总收入（GNI）、人口增长率、失业率和年龄抚养比。路径分析分解了双变量分析，表明就业率、GNI 和年龄抚养比与预期寿命显著相关，尽管双变量分析表明所有变量都与 LE 显著相关。显著因素的最大值，GNI 和就业率，分别为 2019 年的 1930 美元和 21.32%，与预期寿命呈正相关。此外，年龄抚养比的最大值（81.52%）发生在 1991 年，而依赖变量 LE 的最大值（72.59 岁）发生在 2019 年。可以看出，LE、GNI 和就业率都相互上升。LE 与年龄抚养比呈负相关。与其他高度发达的国家相比，孟加拉国的 GNI 需要比其他重要因素增长得更快，以提高预期寿命。我们已经预测了到 2030 年与 LE 显著相关的变量，以实现可持续发展目标，特别是第 3 个目标。
