Shahin Lubana, Zhang Liang, Mohnen Debra, Urbanowicz Breeanna R
Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Cell Surf. 2023 Jan 25;9:100099. doi: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100099. eCollection 2023 Dec.
-Acetyl esterification is an important structural and functional feature of pectins present in the cell walls of all land plants. The amount and positions of pectin acetyl substituents varies across plant tissues and stages of development. Plant growth and response to biotic and abiotic stress are known to be significantly influenced by pectin -acetylation. Gel formation is a key characteristic of pectins, and many studies have shown that gel formation is dependent upon the degree of acetylation. Previous studies have indicated that members of the TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE (TBL) family may play a role in the -acetylation of pectin, however, biochemical evidence for acceptor specific pectin acetyltransferase activity remains to be confirmed and the exact mechanism(s) for catalysis must be determined. Pectin acetylesterases (PAEs) affect pectin acetylation as they hydrolyze acetylester bonds and have a role in the amount and distribution of -acetylation. Several mutant studies suggest the critical role of pectin -acetylation; however, additional research is required to fully understand this. This review aims to discuss the importance, role, and putative mechanism of pectin -acetylation.
乙酰酯化是所有陆地植物细胞壁中果胶的一种重要结构和功能特征。果胶乙酰取代基的数量和位置在不同植物组织和发育阶段有所不同。已知果胶乙酰化会显著影响植物生长以及对生物和非生物胁迫的响应。凝胶形成是果胶的一个关键特性，许多研究表明凝胶形成取决于乙酰化程度。先前的研究表明，类毛状体双折射（TBL）家族成员可能在果胶的乙酰化过程中发挥作用，然而，受体特异性果胶乙酰转移酶活性的生化证据仍有待证实，催化的确切机制也必须确定。果胶乙酰酯酶（PAE）通过水解乙酰酯键来影响果胶乙酰化，并在乙酰化的数量和分布中发挥作用。一些突变体研究表明了果胶乙酰化的关键作用；然而，需要更多研究来全面理解这一点。本综述旨在讨论果胶乙酰化的重要性、作用和假定机制。
