Künstlinger U, Ludwig H G, Stegemann J
Institute of Physiology, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Cologne, FRG.
Int J Sports Med. 1987 Oct;8(5):315-22. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1025676.
Urinary and/or serum concentrations of electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium), hormones (aldosterone, cortisol, catecholamines), and metabolic parameters (lactate, glucose, free fatty acids) were determined during different volleyball matches. While [Na+]s was slightly increased-not exceeding the hemo-concentration effect-[K+]s, and [Ca2+]s were diminished after the matches. Due to a lowered glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary excretion of water, sodium, and potassium was decreased. In addition, the tubular resorption and secretion of fluid and electrolytes was influenced by different hormones leading to a lowered [Na+]u and an increase of [K+]u after exercise. Low concentrations of lactate (2.54 +/- 1.21 mmol/l) during and after the matches and an increase of [FFA]s indicate that energy during the short exercise periods (9 s) is mainly supplied by a breakdown of creatine phosphate, while aerobic pathways restore the energy sources during the resting periods (12 s). Serum concentrations of aldosterone and cortisol as well as the excretion of adrenaline are enhanced on the same scale as after endurance sports. The excretion of noradrenaline corresponds to values during exercise of high intensity.
在不同的排球比赛期间，测定了尿液和/或血清中的电解质（钠、钾、钙、镁）、激素（醛固酮、皮质醇、儿茶酚胺）以及代谢参数（乳酸、葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸）。比赛后，血清钠浓度略有升高——未超过血液浓缩效应——而血清钾和血清钙浓度降低。由于肾小球滤过率（GFR）降低，水、钠和钾的尿排泄量减少。此外，不同激素影响肾小管对液体和电解质的重吸收及分泌，导致运动后尿钠浓度降低，尿钾浓度升高。比赛期间及比赛后乳酸浓度较低（2.54±1.21毫摩尔/升），血清游离脂肪酸浓度升高，这表明在短时间运动（9秒）期间能量主要由磷酸肌酸分解提供，而在休息期（12秒）有氧途径恢复能量来源。醛固酮和皮质醇的血清浓度以及肾上腺素的排泄量增加幅度与耐力运动后相同。去甲肾上腺素的排泄量与高强度运动时的值相当。
