Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Israel; School of Medicine, Yale University, United States.
Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Israel.
Addict Behav. 2023 Jun;141:107660. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107660. Epub 2023 Feb 12.
Previous research suggests that well-being interventions are effective in moderating substance and digital media use and improving mental health. This study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a school-based Positive Psychology Addiction Prevention (PPAP) intervention aimed at reducing substance and digital media use and increasing the mental health of school children during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The sample was composed of 1,670 children and adolescents (Mean age = 12.96, SD = 2.01) from six elementary and secondary schools in Israel who were randomly assigned to the PPAP intervention (n = 833) or the waiting-list control conditions (n = 837). A three-year longitudinal repeated-measures randomized control design was used to examine modifications in substance use, digital media use, and psychological symptoms in the intervention and control groups assessed on the pre-test (before the outbreak of COVID-19, September 2019), the post-test (May 2021), and the 12-month follow-up (May 2022).
The 12-month prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol use, and cannabis use decreased significantly from the pre- to the follow-up period in the intervention group, and increased significantly in the control group. Daily digital media use increased during the pandemic period in both groups, with a significantly higher increase in the control group. The intervention group reported significantly lower psychological symptoms and negative emotions, and greater positive emotions and life satisfaction after the intervention and at follow-up compared to the control group.
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the lives of children and adolescents. Well-being and addiction prevention interventions may be effective in improving the mental health of school children during pandemics and crisis periods.
先前的研究表明，幸福感干预措施在调节物质和数字媒体使用以及改善心理健康方面是有效的。本研究评估了一项基于学校的积极心理学成瘾预防（PPAP）干预措施的可行性和初步效果，该干预措施旨在减少物质和数字媒体使用，提高新冠疫情期间学童的心理健康。
该样本由来自以色列六所中小学的 1670 名儿童和青少年（平均年龄=12.96，标准差=2.01）组成，他们被随机分配到 PPAP 干预组（n=833）或等待名单对照组（n=837）。采用三年纵向重复测量随机对照设计，考察干预组和对照组在新冠疫情前（2019 年 9 月）、后测（2021 年 5 月）和 12 个月随访（2022 年 5 月）中物质使用、数字媒体使用和心理症状的变化。
与对照组相比，干预组在随访期内，烟草使用、酒精使用和大麻使用的 12 个月患病率显著下降，而对照组则显著上升。在两组中，数字媒体的日常使用在疫情期间都有所增加，对照组的增幅明显更高。与对照组相比，干预组在干预后和随访时报告的心理症状和负性情绪明显减少，积极情绪和生活满意度明显增加。
新冠疫情严重扰乱了儿童和青少年的生活。幸福感和成瘾预防干预措施可能在大流行和危机时期改善学童的心理健康。
