Biochemistry Sector, Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Sector of Clinical Microbiology, Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Biochemistry Sector, Keizo Asami Institute (iLIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Int J Pharm. 2023 Mar 25;635:122754. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122754. Epub 2023 Feb 20.
Zein, a vegetable protein extracted from corn (Zea mays L.), forms a gastro-resistant and mucoadhesive polymer that is cheap and easy to obtain and facilitates the encapsulation of bioactives with hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and amphiphilic properties. The methods used for synthesizing these nanoparticles include antisolvent precipitation/nanoprecipitation, pH-driven, electrospraying, and solvent emulsification-evaporation methods. Each method has its advantages in the preparation of nanocarriers, nevertheless, all of them enable the production of zein nanoparticles that are stable and resistant to environmental factors, with different biological activities required in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, zein nanoparticles are promising nanocarriers that can encapsulate various bioactives with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antidiabetic properties. This article reviews the principal methods for obtaining zein nanoparticles containing bioactives, the advantages and characteristics of each method, as well as the main biological applications of nanotechnology-based formulations.
玉米醇溶蛋白是一种从玉米（Zea mays L.）中提取的植物蛋白，它形成一种具有胃耐受力和黏膜黏附性的聚合物，具有廉价、易得的特点，并有助于将具有亲水性、疏水性和两亲性的生物活性物质进行包封。用于合成这些纳米粒子的方法包括反溶剂沉淀/纳米沉淀、pH 驱动、电喷雾和溶剂乳化-蒸发方法。每种方法在制备纳米载体方面都有其优点，但是，所有方法都能够生产出稳定且能抵抗环境因素的玉米醇溶蛋白纳米粒子，这些纳米粒子具有不同的生物学活性，在化妆品、食品和制药行业中都有需求。因此，玉米醇溶蛋白纳米粒子是很有前途的纳米载体，可以包封具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗菌、抗癌和抗糖尿病特性的各种生物活性物质。本文综述了含生物活性物质的玉米醇溶蛋白纳米粒子的主要获取方法，以及每种方法的优点和特点，以及基于纳米技术的制剂的主要生物应用。
