Zavala Gerardo A, Haidar-Chowdhury Asiful, Prasad-Muliyala Krishna, Appuhamy Kavindu, Aslam Faiza, Huque Rumana, Khalid Humaira, Murthy Pratima, Nizami Asad T, Rajan Sukanya, Shiers David, Siddiqi Najma, Siddiqi Kamran, Boehnke Jan R
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK.
ARK Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
BJPsych Open. 2023 Feb 23;9(2):e43. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2023.12.
People with severe mental illness (SMI) die earlier than the general population, primarily because of physical disorders.
We estimated the prevalence of physical health conditions, health risk behaviours, access to healthcare and health risk modification advice in people with SMI in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan, and compared results with the general population.
We conducted a cross-sectional survey in adults with SMI attending mental hospitals in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. Data were collected on non-communicable diseases, their risk factors, health risk behaviours, treatments, health risk modification advice, common mental disorders, health-related quality of life and infectious diseases. We performed a descriptive analysis and compared our findings with the general population in the World Health Organization (WHO) 'STEPwise Approach to Surveillance of NCDs' reports.
We recruited 3989 participants with SMI, of which 11% had diabetes, 23.3% had hypertension or high blood pressure and 46.3% had overweight or obesity. We found that 70.8% of participants with diabetes, high blood pressure and hypercholesterolemia were previously undiagnosed; of those diagnosed, only around half were receiving treatment. A total of 47% of men and 14% of women used tobacco; 45.6% and 89.1% of participants did not meet WHO recommendations for physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake, respectively. Compared with the general population, people with SMI were more likely to have diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and overweight or obesity, and less likely to receive tobacco cessation and weight management advice.
We found significant gaps in detection, prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors in people with SMI.
患有严重精神疾病（SMI）的人群比普通人群的寿命更短，主要原因是身体疾病。
我们估计了孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦患有严重精神疾病的人群中身体健康状况、健康风险行为、获得医疗保健的情况以及健康风险改善建议的流行率，并将结果与普通人群进行了比较。
我们对在孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦精神病院就诊的患有严重精神疾病的成年人进行了横断面调查。收集了关于非传染性疾病、其风险因素、健康风险行为、治疗、健康风险改善建议、常见精神障碍、健康相关生活质量和传染病的数据。我们进行了描述性分析，并将我们的研究结果与世界卫生组织（WHO）“非传染性疾病监测逐步方法”报告中的普通人群进行了比较。
我们招募了3989名患有严重精神疾病的参与者，其中11%患有糖尿病，23.3%患有高血压，46.3%超重或肥胖。我们发现，70.8%的糖尿病、高血压和高胆固醇血症参与者此前未被诊断；在那些被诊断的人中，只有大约一半在接受治疗。共有47%的男性和14%的女性吸烟；45.6%和89.1%的参与者未达到WHO关于体育活动和水果及蔬菜摄入量的建议。与普通人群相比，患有严重精神疾病的人更有可能患糖尿病、高胆固醇血症和超重或肥胖，而接受戒烟和体重管理建议的可能性较小。
我们发现患有严重精神疾病的人群在非传染性疾病及其风险因素的检测、预防和治疗方面存在重大差距。
