Rugbeer N, Constantinou D, Torres G
Department of Sport, Rehabilitation and Dental Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa.
Centre for Exercise Science and Sports, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
S Afr J Sports Med. 2021 Feb 9;33(1):v33i1a8894. doi: 10.17159/2078-516X/2021/v33i1a8894. eCollection 2021.
High-intensity interval training has recently gained popularity at improving cardiometabolic health. However, a close investigation of high-intensity interval training reveals that the exercise duration is similar to moderate-intensity continuous exercise.
To compare the effect of the time-efficient 'Gear' exercise programmes to traditional exercise on cardiometabolic risk factors in persons with an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease.
The study implemented a six-week, randomised controlled trial. The variables were low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, total cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure and body composition. Forty-eight participants completed the study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the 'Gear' exercise programme repeated at different times during the day (GEP-DT): cycled for 90 seconds, repeated three times/day, for three days/week (n = 12); 'Gear' exercise programme at one point in time (GEP-OT): cycled for 90 seconds followed by 4 minutes and 30 seconds rest, repeated three times at one point in time, for three days/week (n = 14); 30 minutes of moderate-intensity continuous cycling repeated three days/week at 55-69% HR (n = 11); and the controls, who were encouraged not to exercise (n = 11).
The 90-second GEP-DT intervention reduced HbA1c post six-weeks of training (MD = 0.1±0.4, % Δ = -1.3%, = -0.70). The GEP-OT group decreased blood triglycerides with a large effect size (MD = 0.6±1.3, % Δ = -31.9%, = -0.83).
The novel 90-second 'Gear' exercise programme moderately reduced HbA1c and the 18-minute GEP-OT lowered blood triglycerides. 'Gear' exercise programmes will encourage future research in persons with non-communicable diseases, and it should be considered as a public health initiative to promote exercise in clinical, home and work environments.
高强度间歇训练最近在改善心脏代谢健康方面受到欢迎。然而，对高强度间歇训练的深入研究表明，其运动时长与中等强度持续运动相似。
比较省时的“Gear”运动方案与传统运动对心血管疾病风险升高人群心脏代谢危险因素的影响。
该研究实施了一项为期六周的随机对照试验。变量包括低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、血压和身体成分。48名参与者完成了该研究。参与者被随机分配到以下组：一天中不同时间重复进行的“Gear”运动方案（GEP-DT）：骑行90秒，每天重复3次，每周3天（n = 12）；某一时刻进行的“Gear”运动方案（GEP-OT）：骑行90秒，然后休息4分30秒，在某一时刻重复3次，每周3天（n = 14）；每周3天、以55 - 69%心率进行30分钟中等强度持续骑行（n = 11）；以及对照组，鼓励其不运动（n = 11）。
90秒的GEP-DT干预在训练六周后降低了HbA1c（MD = 0.1±0.4，%Δ = -1.3%， = -0.70）。GEP-OT组使血液甘油三酯降低，效应量较大（MD = 0.6±1.3，%Δ = -31.9%， = -0.83）。
新颖的90秒“Gear”运动方案适度降低了HbA1c，18分钟的GEP-OT降低了血液甘油三酯。“Gear”运动方案将鼓励未来针对非传染性疾病患者的研究，并且应被视为在临床、家庭和工作环境中促进运动的一项公共卫生举措。
