Kirkland Kelly, Jetten Jolanda, Wilks Matti, Kirby James
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2023 Feb 2;13:1021093. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1021093. eCollection 2022.
Amid a global pandemic and the climate crisis, there is an increasing need to understand how to promote largescale, coordinated action between different groups. Yet certain factors such as inequality can hinder cooperation. We aimed to establish how to orient groups toward a superordinate goal when they have unequal resources. Participants were divided into two 'countries' and asked to assemble LEGO bricks into food (by building pieces in a certain order) to prevent starvation among 'the people'. One 'country' had few LEGO bricks whereas the other had an abundance, and the only way to maximize food creation was for the groups to work together. We assessed the efficacy of three diverse interventions on superordinate behavior and attitudes: compassion meditation training (Study 1), lower inequality (Study 2), and the introduction of a pro-sharing group norm by a confederate (Study 3). Compassion meditation training and altering the degree of inequality between groups did not have a clear effect on collaborative action. Only the introduction of a pro-sharing group norm enhanced sharing behavior, made participants feel more cooperative and reduced fears of being compassionate toward others. Our findings speak to the importance of leadership in promoting coordinated action to address challenges that face the superordinate group.
在全球大流行和气候危机的背景下，人们越来越需要了解如何促进不同群体之间大规模的协调行动。然而，不平等之类的某些因素可能会阻碍合作。我们旨在确定当群体资源不平等时，如何引导他们朝着一个上级目标努力。参与者被分成两个“国家”，并被要求将乐高积木组装成食物（按照特定顺序搭建积木），以防止“人民”挨饿。一个“国家”的乐高积木很少，而另一个则有很多，实现食物创造最大化的唯一方法是两个群体共同合作。我们评估了三种不同干预措施对上级行为和态度的效果：慈悲冥想训练（研究1）、减少不平等（研究2）以及由一名同谋引入亲分享的群体规范（研究3）。慈悲冥想训练和改变群体间的不平等程度对合作行动没有明显影响。只有引入亲分享的群体规范增强了分享行为，让参与者感觉更愿意合作，并减少了对向他人表达同情的担忧。我们的研究结果表明了领导力在促进协调行动以应对上级群体所面临挑战方面的重要性。
