Chwyl Christina, Chen Patricia, Zaki Jamil
Stanford University, CA, USA.
Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2021 Sep;47(9):1327-1342. doi: 10.1177/0146167220965303. Epub 2020 Nov 9.
Self-compassion-treating oneself with care and understanding during difficult times-promotes adaptive coping and self-improvement. Nonetheless, many people are not self-compassionate. We examined a key barrier people face to treating themselves self-compassionately: their negative beliefs about self-compassion (i.e., that it leads to complacency, indulgence, or irresponsibility). Across three studies, the more people held these negative beliefs, the less self-compassionately they reported responding to a real-world event (Study 2) and hypothetical emotional challenges (Studies 1 and 3). Self-compassionate responding, in turn, predicted adaptive coping strategies and intentions for self-improvement. Experimentally inducing people to hold positive, as opposed to negative, beliefs about self-compassion predicted self-compassionate responding 5 to 7 days later (Study 3). By recognizing and targeting peoples' beliefs, our findings highlight the importance of reducing such beliefs that are barriers to practicing self-compassion, as a means to improve the way people respond to difficult times.
自我同情——在困难时期关爱和理解自己——能促进适应性应对和自我提升。然而，许多人缺乏自我同情。我们研究了人们在以自我同情的方式对待自己时面临的一个关键障碍：他们对自我同情的负面信念（即认为自我同情会导致自满、放纵或不负责任）。在三项研究中，人们对这些负面信念持有的程度越高，他们报告在应对现实世界事件（研究2）和假设的情感挑战（研究1和3）时表现出的自我同情就越少。反过来，自我同情的反应又预测了适应性应对策略和自我提升的意愿。通过实验诱导人们对自我同情持有积极而非消极的信念，预测了5至7天后的自我同情反应（研究3）。通过认识并针对人们的信念，我们的研究结果凸显了减少此类阻碍自我同情实践的信念的重要性，以此作为改善人们应对困难时期方式的一种手段。
