Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
J Invest Dermatol. 2023 Mar;143(3):353-361.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.002.
Barrier tissues such as the epidermis employ complex signal transduction systems to execute morphogenetic programs and to rapidly respond to environmental cues to promote homeostasis. Recent advances in live-imaging techniques and tools allow precise spatial and temporal monitoring and manipulation of intracellular signaling cascades. Leveraging the chemistry of naturally occurring light-sensitive proteins, genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors have emerged as robust tools for visualizing dynamic signaling events. In contrast, optogenetic protein constructs permit laser-mediated control of signal receptors and effectors within live cells, organoids, and even model organisms. In this paper, we review the basic principles underlying novel biosensors and optogenetic tools and highlight how recent studies in cutaneous biology have leveraged these imaging strategies to illuminate the spatiotemporal signals regulating epidermal development, barrier formation, and tissue homeostasis.
屏障组织，如表皮，采用复杂的信号转导系统来执行形态发生程序，并迅速响应环境线索，以促进体内平衡。活体成像技术和工具的最新进展允许对细胞内信号级联进行精确的时空监测和操作。利用天然光敏感蛋白的化学性质，基因编码的荧光生物传感器已成为可视化动态信号事件的强大工具。相比之下，光遗传学蛋白构建体允许激光介导控制活细胞、类器官甚至模式生物中的信号受体和效应物。在本文中，我们回顾了新型生物传感器和光遗传学工具的基本原理，并强调了皮肤生物学的最新研究如何利用这些成像策略来阐明调节表皮发育、屏障形成和组织内稳态的时空信号。
