Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, 30605, Pilsen, Czech Republic.
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Leukemia. 2023 Apr;37(4):854-863. doi: 10.1038/s41375-023-01852-w. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
Studies of survival in hematological malignancies (HMs) have generally shown an improvement over time, although most of these studies are limited by a short follow-up period. Using the NORDCAN database with data from Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, we follow periodic increases in relative survival in seven HMs through half a century up to 2015-2019. Five-year survival improved in all seven HMs, reaching 90% for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), myeloproliferative neoplasias and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 60% for multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic myeloid leukemias (CMLs), 50% for the myelodysplastic syndromes and 30% for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Improvements in survival over 50 years ranged from 20% to more than 50% units across the different HMs. The likely reasons for such progress include earlier diagnoses, improved risk stratification and advances in treatment. We observed differing temporal trends in improvements in survival. The gradual increases observed in HL, CLL and AML highlight the impact of optimization of existing therapies and improvements in diagnostics and risk stratification, whereas the rapid increases observed in the CMLs and MM highlight the impact of novel therapies. Recent therapeutic advances may further improve survival in HMs where survival remains low such as in AML.
对血液恶性肿瘤（HMs）的生存研究总体上显示出随时间的改善，尽管这些研究大多受到随访期短的限制。我们利用 NORDCAN 数据库中来自丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典的数据，通过半个世纪的时间，跟踪七种 HMs 的相对生存率定期增加，直到 2015-2019 年。五种类型的生存率在所有七种 HMs 中都有所提高，霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）、骨髓增生性肿瘤和慢性淋巴细胞白血病（CLL）达到 90%，多发性骨髓瘤（MM）和慢性髓性白血病（CMLs）达到 60%，骨髓增生异常综合征达到 50%，急性髓细胞白血病（AML）达到 30%。50 多年来，不同类型 HMs 的生存率提高幅度从 20%到 50%以上。取得这些进展的可能原因包括早期诊断、风险分层改善和治疗进展。我们观察到生存率改善的时间趋势不同。HL、CLL 和 AML 观察到的逐渐增加突出了优化现有疗法和诊断及风险分层改善的影响，而 CMLs 和 MM 观察到的快速增加则突出了新型疗法的影响。最近的治疗进展可能会进一步提高 AML 等生存率仍然较低的 HMs 的生存率。
