Institut für Psychologie III der Universität Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2023 Oct;85(7):2406-2421. doi: 10.3758/s13414-023-02678-5. Epub 2023 Feb 24.
The present study examined whether and how the mutual perceptual biases of temporal and spatial information, known as the kappa and the tau effects, depend on the duration and spatial extent of sensory stimulation as well as on the magnitude of spatio-temporal discrepancy. Three small circles were presented in succession at different spatial positions. The time points of presentation and the spatial position of the second circle systematically varied. Participants judged either whether the temporal interval between the first and the second circle was longer than the interval between the second and the third circle (Experiment 1) or whether the spatial distance between the first and the second circle was larger than the distance between the second and the third circle (Experiment 2), or both in separate blocks of trials (Experiment 3). The impact of spatial information on temporal perception (i.e., the kappa effect) increased with velocity of motion presumably imputed by the participants to the static displays and decreased with spatio-temporal discrepancy. No inverse biases (i.e., no tau effects) were observed. These results are considered as an indication that integration of spatial and temporal signals follow the same basic principles as multisensory integration of redundant signals, such as those from vision and touch.
本研究考察了时间和空间信息的相互感知偏差（即 Kappa 和 Tau 效应）是否以及如何取决于感觉刺激的持续时间和空间范围以及时空差异的大小。三个小圆圈相继出现在不同的空间位置。第二个圆圈的呈现时间点和空间位置系统地变化。参与者判断第一个和第二个圆圈之间的时间间隔是否长于第二个和第三个圆圈之间的间隔（实验 1），或者第一个和第二个圆圈之间的空间距离是否大于第二个和第三个圆圈之间的距离（实验 2），或者在单独的试验块中同时判断两者（实验 3）。空间信息对时间感知的影响（即 Kappa 效应）随着参与者推测的静态显示的运动速度增加而增加，并随着时空差异减小而减小。没有观察到相反的偏差（即没有 Tau 效应）。这些结果表明，空间和时间信号的整合遵循与视觉和触觉等冗余信号的多感觉整合相同的基本原理。
