Shi Hongyu, Hu Xinyi, Li Wenxuan, Zhang Jin, Hu Baolan, Lou Liping
Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, China.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Feb 4;12(2):333. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12020333.
In recent years, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in soil have become research hotspots in the fields of public health and environmental ecosystems, but the effects of soil types and soil components on the occurrence and spread of ARGs still lack systematic sorting and in-depth research. Firstly, investigational information about ARB and ARGs contamination of soil was described. Then, existing laboratory studies about the influence of the soil component on ARGs were summarized in the following aspects: the influence of soil types on the occurrence of ARGs during natural or human activities and the control of exogenously added soil components on ARGs from the macro perspectives, the effects of soil components on the HGT of ARGs in a pure bacterial system from the micro perspectives. Following that, the similarities in pathways by which soil components affect HGT were identified, and the potential mechanisms were discussed from the perspectives of intracellular responses, plasmid activity, quorum sensing, etc. In the future, related research on multi-component systems, multi-omics methods, and microbial communities should be carried out in order to further our understanding of the occurrence and spread of ARGs in soil.
近年来，土壤中的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和抗生素抗性细菌（ARB）已成为公共卫生和环境生态系统领域的研究热点，但土壤类型和土壤成分对ARGs发生和传播的影响仍缺乏系统梳理和深入研究。首先，描述了土壤中ARB和ARGs污染的调查信息。然后，从以下几个方面总结了现有关于土壤成分对ARGs影响的实验室研究：从宏观角度看土壤类型对自然或人类活动期间ARGs发生的影响以及外源添加土壤成分对ARGs的控制，从微观角度看土壤成分对纯细菌系统中ARGs水平基因转移（HGT）的影响。随后，确定了土壤成分影响HGT的途径中的相似之处，并从细胞内反应、质粒活性、群体感应等角度讨论了潜在机制。未来，应开展关于多组分系统、多组学方法和微生物群落的相关研究，以进一步了解ARGs在土壤中的发生和传播。
