Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Marikomerc d.o.o., Grabi 54, 23241 Poličnik, Croatia.
Biomolecules. 2023 Jan 17;13(2):192. doi: 10.3390/biom13020192.
Small pelagic fish are a rich source of high-quality proteins and omega-3 fatty acids, but they are highly perishable due to the activity of microorganisms, endogenous enzymes, and oxidation processes that affect their muscle tissues during storage. This study focused on analyzing the influence of fish handling practices onboard vessels on sensory quality attributes, pH, water holding capacity, TVB-N, proteolytic changes, and lipid oxidation in sardine muscle tissue during cold storage. Experiments were conducted onboard fishing vessels during regular work hours, with added consistency, accounting for similar sardine sizes (physiological and reproductive stages) under similar environmental conditions. Traditional handling practices, e.g., boarding the catch with brail nets and transporting the fish in plastic crates with flake ice, were compared with the use of modified aquaculture pumps for boarding the catch and transporting it in isothermic boxes submerged in ice slurry. Results confirmed significant differences in the parameters among the different fishing vessels, although no significant differences were found between the two methods of fish handling on board the vessels. The study also confirmed a higher rate of lipid oxidation in fish muscle due to physical damage and an increased degree of proteolysis in samples with lower muscle pH values.
小型洄游性鱼类是高质量蛋白质和欧米伽-3 脂肪酸的丰富来源，但由于微生物的活性、内源性酶以及在储存过程中影响肌肉组织的氧化过程，它们极易变质。本研究重点分析了船上捕鱼操作对冷藏过程中小沙丁鱼肌肉组织感官质量特性、pH 值、水分保持能力、TVB-N 值、蛋白水解变化和脂质氧化的影响。在正常工作时间内在渔船上进行实验，考虑到类似的沙丁鱼大小（生理和生殖阶段）和类似的环境条件，具有相似的一致性。传统的捕鱼操作方法，例如用拖网捕鱼和用带冰屑的塑料箱运输鱼，与使用改良的水产养殖泵捕鱼和用浸没在冰浆中的恒温箱运输鱼进行了比较。结果证实了不同渔船之间参数的显著差异，尽管在船上的两种捕鱼操作方法之间没有发现显著差异。该研究还证实，由于物理损伤，肌肉 pH 值较低的样本中蛋白质水解程度增加，导致鱼肌肉中的脂质氧化速度加快。
