Department of Urology, "Vito Fazzi" Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
ECSIN-European Center for the Sustainable Impact of Nanotechnology, EcamRicert Srl, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy.
Cells. 2023 Feb 14;12(4):616. doi: 10.3390/cells12040616.
Urothelial inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic pelvic pain due to its origin in the bladder. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a patent-pending formulation (Pelvipea) composed of micronized palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), hempseed oil, and maritime pine bark dry extract in reducing urothelial inflammation, as well as the effect of each ingredient individually, in order to define the synergistic effect of the three ingredients. An in vitro bladder urothelium model composed of the T24 cell line was exposed to a conditioned media obtained by treating macrophage-differentiated THP-1 cells with different concentrations of the functional ingredients and a mixture of them in the presence of the pro-inflammatory stimulus of . Cells exposed only to the inflammatory stimulus in the absence of pre-treatment were considered as a positive control for inflammation. The impact of each functional ingredient and their mixture on inflammation was evaluated by the determination of transcription factor NF-kB and of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Statistical analysis was performed using the -test, comparing the mixture and the single ingredients for every condition tested. All results were reported as fold change (mean ± standard deviation), the ratio between the values obtained from the respective treatments for inflammation control. The three functional ingredients did not induce negative effects on THP-1 cell vitality. The levels of NF-kB were reduced following treatment with hempseed oil, maritime pine bark dry extract, and the mixture at all tested concentrations, and with micronized PEA from 25 to 200 μg/mL. Treatment with the mixture resulted in the lowest expression levels of interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 compared to the single functional ingredients at a concentration of 230 μg/mL, with values of 0.08 (±0.00), 0.01 (±0.00), and 0.32 (±0.01), respectively. The mixture of micronized PEA, hempseed oil, and maritime pine bark dry extract (Pelvipea) at 230 μg/mL showed the best efficacy in urothelial IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 reduction compared with the singular components. This formulation may represent a promising therapeutic option to relieve painful symptoms originating in the bladder. However, in vivo studies are needed to confirm these results.
尿路上皮炎症在慢性盆腔疼痛的发病机制中起关键作用，因为其起源于膀胱。本研究旨在评估一种专利申请中包含的配方（Pelvipea）的疗效，该配方由微粉化的棕榈酰乙醇酰胺（PEA）、大麻籽油和马尾松树皮干提取物组成，以减少尿路上皮炎症，以及每个成分单独的作用，以确定三种成分的协同作用。体外膀胱尿路上皮模型由 T24 细胞系组成，该模型暴露于用不同浓度的功能成分和它们的混合物处理的巨噬细胞分化的 THP-1 细胞的条件培养基中，并在促炎刺激物的存在下。仅暴露于炎症刺激物而不进行预处理的细胞被认为是炎症的阳性对照。通过测定转录因子 NF-kB 和促炎细胞因子的表达来评估每个功能成分及其混合物对炎症的影响。使用 -检验对统计数据进行分析，比较混合物和单一成分在每种测试条件下的结果。所有结果均以倍数变化（平均值±标准差）表示，为各自治疗炎症对照的比值。三种功能成分对 THP-1 细胞活力没有产生负面影响。用大麻籽油、马尾松树皮干提取物和混合物在所有测试浓度下，以及用微粉化 PEA 从 25 至 200μg/ml 处理后，NF-kB 水平降低。与浓度为 230μg/ml 的单一功能成分相比，混合物处理导致白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6 和 IL-8 的表达水平最低，分别为 0.08（±0.00）、0.01（±0.00）和 0.32（±0.01）。混合物（Pelvipea）由微粉化 PEA、大麻籽油和马尾松树皮干提取物组成，浓度为 230μg/ml，在降低尿路上皮 IL-1β、IL-6 和 IL-8 方面显示出最佳疗效，与单一成分相比。该配方可能代表一种有前途的治疗选择，以缓解源自膀胱的疼痛症状。然而，需要进行体内研究来证实这些结果。
