Amer Osama E, Sabico Shaun, Khattak Malak N K, Al-Daghri Nasser M
Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 25;10(2):210. doi: 10.3390/children10020210.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of known cardiometabolic risk factors, which elevates the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults and, only recently, even in children and adolescents. Circulating nitric oxide (NOx) has been observed to influence MetS risk factors in adults, but this has been scarcely investigated in children. The aim of the present study was to determine whether circulating NOx levels correlate with known components of MetS in Arab children and adolescents.
Anthropometrics, serum NOx, lipid profile and fasting glucose levels were measured in 740 Saudi Arabs aged 10-17 years (68.8% girls). The presence of MetS was screened using the criteria of de Ferranti et al. Results: Overall, serum NOx levels were significantly higher in MetS participants compared to non-MetS (25.7 µmol/L (10.1-46.7) versus 11.9 µmol/L (5.5-22.9), < 0.001) even after adjustments for age, BMI and sex. With the exception of elevated blood pressure, higher circulating NOx significantly increased the odds for MetS and its components. Lastly, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) showed that NOx, as a diagnostic marker for MetS, had good sensitivity and was higher in boys than girls (all MetS participants: area under the curve (AUC) = 0.68, < 0.001), (girls with MetS: AUC = 0.62, = 0.002), (boys with MetS: AUC = 0.83, < 0.001)).
MetS and most of its components were significantly associated with circulating NOx levels in Arab adolescents and may be a promising diagnostic biomarker for MetS.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组已知的心脏代谢危险因素，会增加成年人患2型糖尿病（T2DM）、动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（CVD）和慢性肾脏病（CKD）的风险，而且直到最近，儿童和青少年也面临这种风险。研究发现，循环中的一氧化氮（NOx）会影响成年人的代谢综合征风险因素，但在儿童中对此研究甚少。本研究的目的是确定阿拉伯儿童和青少年的循环NOx水平是否与已知的代谢综合征组成成分相关。
对740名年龄在10 - 17岁的沙特阿拉伯人（68.8%为女孩）进行人体测量学、血清NOx、血脂谱和空腹血糖水平检测。采用德费兰蒂等人的标准筛查代谢综合征。结果：总体而言，即使在对年龄、体重指数和性别进行调整后，代谢综合征参与者的血清NOx水平仍显著高于非代谢综合征参与者（分别为25.7 μmol/L（10.1 - 46.7）和11.9 μmol/L（5.5 - 22.9），P < 0.001）。除血压升高外，较高的循环NOx显著增加了患代谢综合征及其组成成分的几率。最后，受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）显示，作为代谢综合征的诊断标志物，NOx具有良好的敏感性，且男孩的敏感性高于女孩（所有代谢综合征参与者：曲线下面积（AUC） = 0.68，P < 0.001），（患有代谢综合征的女孩：AUC = 0.62，P = 0.002），（患有代谢综合征的男孩：AUC = 0.83，P < 0.001））。
代谢综合征及其大多数组成成分与阿拉伯青少年的循环NOx水平显著相关，NOx可能是一种有前景的代谢综合征诊断生物标志物。
